Perfil da hepatite A no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil

Santos, Karla de Souza; Guimarães, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e; Sarmento, Priscila Sanjuan de Medeiros; Morales, Gundisalvo Piratoba

doi:10.22239/2317-269x.01216

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The PNC data were aggregated according to age, gender, race/ethnicity and education-level. Age made up five groups: child 0-11; teenager 12-18; young 19-29; adult 30-59; and elderly 60+ following the classification proposed by Santos et al (2019). Race/ethnicity encompassed the following groups: black; brown; ignored; indigenous; white and yellow; while the education levels were classified into 11 groups (according to SINAN): illiterate; incomplete elementary school; completed elementary school; incomplete middle school; completed middle school; incomplete high school; completed high school; incomplete under graduation; completed under graduation; ignored; and non-applicable (N/A).…”

Section: Demographic Data and Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mainly food and water (Saker et al, 2002;WHO, 2011;Kurup et al, 2019). For some countries, HAV appears to be more closely related to developed regions, especially for those with high population densities (O'Brien and Xagoraraki, 2019), while for other countries, such as Brazil, it appears to be more closely related to less developed regions (Stoitsova et al, 2015;Pal et al, 2016;Santos et al, 2019;Bahrami et al, 2020). Therefore, it is utterly important to account for the spatiotemporal dynamics of this and other water-borne diseases (Desbordes, 2021) in order to achieve a better understanding of the main transmission patterns leading to more effective control strategies (Zimmerman et al, 2011;WHO, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the state of Pará, Brazil, based on reported notified cases

Leal

Guimarães²,

Kampel

2021

Geospat Health

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Hepatitis-A virus is a worldwide healthcare problem, mainly affecting countries with poor sanitary and socioeconomic conditions. This communication evaluates the spatiotemporal variability of the disease’s socioepidemiological profile in one of the endemic Brazilian regions (Pará State) prior to (2008-2013) and after (2014-2017) the launch of the national public vaccination programme. Hepatitis-A epidemiological reports concerning Pará State - Brazil - were used for this study including municipalitylevel data of the disease’s reported positive notification cases (PNCs). The analyses involved socioepidemiological profiling and space-time scan statistics. A total of 5500 PNCs were reported in the study period. On average, PNCs decreased over time throughout the state, with strongest drops after 2015. The PNCs were specific for gender, race/ethnic origin and age group. The predominant gender and race/ethnic groups was male and brown, respectively. While children were the most susceptible age group prior to 2015, there was a shift towards older ages (young and adults) in later years. Those found to be the most affected by the disease, as shown by space-time scan statistics, were people in densely populated municipalities with unsatisfactory sanitary conditions and also less well covered by the public vaccination programme. Despite drops in the number of hepatitis-A PNCs, thanks to the national vaccination programme, the disease still persists in Pará State and elsewhere in Brazil. The present study reinforces the need of continuous prevention and control strategies for effective control and erradication of hepatitis-A.

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Section: Demographic Data and Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the state of Pará, Brazil, based on reported notified cases

Leal

Guimarães²,

Kampel

2021

Geospat Health

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“…As a consequence, several resources and ecosystem services have been affected (Alpino, Sena, & Freitas, 2016), possibly altering the HAV transmission intensity for the given year (CANN, THOMAS, SALMON, P. WYN-JONES, & KAY, 2013;Gullón, Varela, Martínez, & Gómez-Barroso, 2017). Finally, the diminishment in the HAV annual state mean PNC of the last years can be explained by the Pará's overall sanitation conditions improvement, especially on the urban regions as Belém municipality (K. D. S. Santos et al, 2019). Annual hepatitis-A incidence also varied per gender.…”

Section: Temporal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All other age classes denoted decrease in incidence between 2016 and 2017. As a consequence, the hepatitis-A incidence in the state is a main public health issue, especially for school-age children (K. D. S. Santos et al, 2019).…”

Section: Temporal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the spatio-temporal distribution of Hepatitis-a virus transmission in the state of Pará, Brazil

Leal

Kampel

Guimarães

2020

Preprint

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The hepatitis-A virus (HAV) is a worldwide healthcare problem, mainly affecting countries with poor sanitation and socioeconomic conditions. Spatio-temporal analyses have become an important scientific asset for identifying the clustering of disease infection, providing support for planning interventions and control strategies. This study aims to determine the spatio-temporal variability of HAV infection and related population-based demographic factors in a endemic region. The selected area of study was Pará state, Brazil. Brazilian Ministry of Health Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) epidemiological report, MS vaccination coverage and Brazilian National Sanitation System (SNIS) sanitation condition datum have been analyzed. Spatial (Moran and Local Moran index)and space-time scan statistics techniques have been applied over Pará state using SINAN database for the assessment of the hepatitis-A incidence for a period of 10 years (from 2008 up to 2017). A total of 5500 cases has been reported. Gender specific incidence analysis indicated that men have higher risk of contamination than women. Sociodemographic (lack of sanitation), socioeconomic (municipality governments investments in infra-structure) presented relationship with the disease incidence. There have been evidences that extreme events of severe precipitation and severe droughs were also related to increase in hepatitis-A notification cases. Spatial statistics denoted a heterogeneous geographical structure in the disease`s incidence: isolated high and low HAV incidence clusters through the years, implying in a complex disease outbreak system that is partially controlled by public vaccination actions. Space-time scan statistics denoted that hepatitis-A incidence is highly attached to the public HAV vaccination program and to municipality specific social infrastructure.Lower incidence risk were majorly aggregated over the Nordeste Paraense and Metropolitana de Belém meso-regions. Distinct clusters of hepatitis-A incidence have been found over the studied area (Pará state), and these clusters varied over the years centered at northwest and northeast mesoregions, mainly time-located prior to the national vaccination program start (prior to 2014). National public vaccination program has not been capable of erradicating the disease in the state. Further studies are required to better assess the relationship between climate change efffects over weather events and their relation to HAV transmission outbreaks.

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“…Previous studies have indicated that hepatitis‐A transmission may be related to extreme precipitation and flooding events (Gullón et al., 2017; Marcheggiani et al., 2010). In Brazil, extreme precipitation events have been positively related to HAV outbreaks (Santos et al., 2019). In Spain, intense rainfall has also been associated with greater incidence of hepatitis‐A (Gullón et al., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Environmental and Sociodemographic Data and Hepatitis‐A Transmission in Pará State (Brazil)

2021

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Risk assessment and vulnerability analyses are common practices in epidemiology (Avanzi et al., 2018;Gullón et al., 2017; WHO, 2014). Evidence from around the world confirms that climate change can affect distribution and occurrence of diseases, a major concern for policy making and healthcare facilities (UN, 2007). The health of human populations is sensitive to shifts in weather patterns and other aspects of climate change (Smith et al., 2015). Weather events and climate change are important drivers of the Abstract Hepatitis-A is a waterborne infectious disease transmitted by the eponymous hepatitis-A virus (HAV). Due to the disease's sociodemographic and environmental characteristics, this study applied public census and remote sensing data to assess risk factors for hepatitis-A transmission. Municipalitylevel data were obtained for the state of Pará, Brazil. Generalized linear and nonlinear models were evaluated as alternative predictors for hepatitis-A transmission in Pará. The Histogram Gradient Boost (HGB) regression model was deemed the best choice (RMSE= 2.36, and higher 2 R = 0.95) among the tested models. Partial dependence analysis and permutation feature importance analysis were used to investigate the partial dependence and the relative importance values of the independent variables in the disease transmission prediction model. Results indicated a complex relationship between the disease transmission and the sociodemographic and environmental characteristics of the study area. Population size, lack of sanitation, urban clustering, year of notification, insufficient public vaccination programs, household proximity to open-air dumpsites and storm-drains, and lack of access to healthcare facilities and hospitals were sociodemographic parameters related to HAV transmission. Turbidity and precipitation were the environmental parameters closest related to disease transmission. Based on HGB model, a hepatitis-A risk map was built for Pará state. The obtained risk map can be thought of as an auxiliary tool for public health strategies. This study reinforces the need to incorporate remote sensing data in epidemiological modelling and surveillance plans for the development of early prevention strategies for hepatitis-A.

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Perfil da hepatite A no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the state of Pará, Brazil, based on reported notified cases

Sociodemographic and spatiotemporal profiles of hepatitis-A in the state of Pará, Brazil, based on reported notified cases

Assessment of the spatio-temporal distribution of Hepatitis-a virus transmission in the state of Pará, Brazil

Associations Between Environmental and Sociodemographic Data and Hepatitis‐A Transmission in Pará State (Brazil)

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