Estado nutricional, hiperglicemia, nutrição precoce e mortalidade de pacientes internados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva ORIGINAL ARTICLE INTRODUCTION Severe or critical diseases are descriptions that are applied to clinical or surgical life-threatening conditions. These conditions typically require admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). (1) Nutritional depletion is common among patients admitted to ICUs because their metabolic responses to stress promote an intense catabolism of proteins to repair damaged tissues and supply energy. (2, 3) Other important alterations during severe conditions include hypermetabolism and hyperglycemia associated with insulin resistance and increased lipolysis. (1-3) Nutritional depletion impairs immune response, affects wound healing, alters bodily composition and organ function, and is associated with consequences that lead to a higher probability of infections and pressure ulcers and that increase the risks for clinical morbidity and mortality. (4) Although the frequency and consequences of in-hospital malnutrition are