Perfluorocarbon Distribution to Liver, Lung and Spleen of Emulsions of Perfluorotributylamine (FTBA) in Pigs and Rats and Perfluorooctyl Bromide (Pfob) in Rats and Dogs by¹⁹F NMR Spectroscopy

Abstract

Perfluorocarbon emulsion (FCE) particles are reported to be taken up by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and ultimately eliminated by the lung. This distribution provides an opportunity to measure oxygen partial pressure in vivo with fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI). Since the MR image signal-to-noise ratio is directly proportional to the fluorine concentration in the tissue, a greater concentration of perfluorocarbon (PFC) in the tissue will result in a greater confidence in the oxygen image and reduce measurement time. It was postulated that the biodistribution of PFC administered in emulsion form may depend on species RES or FCE composition. The distribution of an emulsion (Oxypherol-E.T.) containing perfluorotributylamine (FTBA) 5 days after administration to pigs (11 g FTBA/kg body weight i.p.) and rats (19 g FTBA/kg i.p.) and an emulsion (Oxygent) containing perfluorooctyl bromide (PFOB) 7 days after administration to dogs (11 g PFOB/kg i.v.) and 5 days after administrations to rats (19 g PFOB/kg i.p.) was analyzed by F-19 NMR spectroscopy of tissue samples. PFC concentrations in spleen are 2 to 3 times those in liver. This pattern appears to be independent of PFC emulsion or species. In contrast, lung PFC content was less than that in the liver and showed a dependence upon both species and PFC emulsion.

Rapid quantification of inflammation in tissue samples using perfluorocarbon emulsion and fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance

“…The 19 F isotope has 100% natural abundance and is stable. In contrast, 18 F-based positron emission tomography (PET) probes used in EAE studies have a limited half-life (18). The blood half-life of the PFC emulsion formulation used is ~9.4 ± 2.6 h in a DA rat (19), but may depend on species/strain and inflammation status of the subject.…”

Fluorine‐19 MRI for visualization and quantification of cell migration in a diabetes model

“…19 F has low background biological abundance and is a sensitive nucleus, where the gyromagnetic ratios of 1 H and 19 F differ by only about 6%, and the relative sensitivity is 0.83. Previously, 19 F MRI and perfluorocarbons have been used for several extracellular applications, including blood volume measurements (24), measurements of tissue oxygenation (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), and the detection of atherosclerotic plaques (33,34).…”

Imaging of Vx‐2 rabbit tumors with ανβ3‐integrin‐targeted 111In nanoparticles

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Although these agents can be exquisitely specific for a v b 3 -integrin, their penetration beyond the circulation allows binding to a cadre of nonendothelial sources. The biodistribution of perfluorocarbon NP to reticuloendothelial (RES) organs is well-known and previously reported, 12 but the potential for higher radionuclide payloads and their intravascular distribution make them attractive agents for rapid identification of nascent tumors in non-RES regions, including the brain, head and neck, lung, breast and prostate.…”