Perform Pap smear test and Factors affecting on the prevalence of cervical cancer in women at Qazvin, Iran

Abstract

Background: After breast, skin and long cancers, cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women and is a kind of cancer that can be diagnosed with Pap smear method in pre malignancy stage. Awareness of screening methods of this cancer, have great influence in reducing the incidence and mortality of it. The aim of this project was to determine awareness, attitude and function of married women, who referred to health centers of Qazvin, about Pap smear and cervical cancer in 2018. Method and Material: In this cross-sectional study (descriptive-analytical), 300 married women, who referred to health centers of Qazvin in 2018, were selected by classified sampling method and then simple random selection. The study was a questionnaire with 4 part including demographic questions, functional test, attitude and awareness resulting from national Pap smear plan of health minister, which was distributed and completed after confirming the validity and reliability with coordination centers with the help of trained people. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22 software. Result: In this project that the highest age group were women with 35-45 years (58%) with the average age of (36±8) years, awareness about introducing and recognition of pap smear and cervical cancer were 41% and 46% respectively.44% of them have at least once experienced pap smear.24% of this number have followed up again after one year.73% of participants of this project were agree with the test and early diagnosed of cervical cancer. Conclusion: In order to assess the effect of factors influencing awareness, attitude and function of the women about the cervical cancer and pap smear test, using multiple regression model, it was determined that there is a significant relation between level of awareness and factors including: age, economic situation, job and education (p=.05).also there is a significant relation between function and attitude and factors including education, age and awareness about disease. This represents a change in policy and education and health infrastructure in the field of knowledge of cancer and the use of modern methods of teaching.