Performance Analysis of Optimal Combinations for Triple-Frequency BDS

Abstract

A theoretical and experimental investigation on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System triple‐frequency combination theory is presented. The optimal combination strategies under different application circumstances are given in consideration of the combination wavelength, noise, and ionosphere amplification factor as the main criteria. On this basis, the performance of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System triple‐frequency optimal combinations, in regard to ambiguity resolution and relative positioning accuracy, is verified by four static tests with baseline lengths of 4.8, 12.4, 20, and 36.8 km, respectively. Finally, a few suggestions about the optimal phase combinations used in relative navigation applications are given. Copyright © 2017 Institute of Navigation

Integer estimability in GNSS networks

“…Example 1 (Multi-frequency combinations) In view of the recent multi-frequency modernized signals, several contributions propose 'combined' carrier-phase observations to reduce the impact of the ionosphere and/or to minimize the variance of the resultant combinations, see, e.g. (Richert and El-Sheimy 2007;Feng 2008;Cocard et al 2008;Shu et al 2017;Duong et al 2019). We now show that care has to be exercised when forming multi-frequency carrierphase combinations.…”