Performance analysis of PIFA based 4×4 MIMO antenna

PIFA-based 16 × 20 large MIMO cube antenna

“…Also, each element has two shorting pins of dimension 2 3 18 mm with separation of 2 mm and attached to top plate, a 30 3 15.5 mm feed plate is used to excite the antenna through an SMA connector. Height of each element is 16.4 mm filled with The four element antenna array was designed, developed, and analyzed in author's lab, earlier [7].…”

The correct application of total active reflection coefficient to evaluate MIMO antenna systems and its generalization to N ports

“…After an examination of the state-of-the-art on MIMO arrays performed by the authors of this work, it was found that many papers [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] reported a correct evaluation of TARC expression by displaying a family of curves, given by the variations on the random phases θ i , along with the computation of other adequate antenna metrics. Whereas in several other papers a wrong version of the equation was used [16][17][18][19] ; or only one curve was displayed without a mathematical explanation of how it was derived [20][21][22][23][24] ; only one value at the resonance frequencies was reported in a table 25 ; and, finally, one curve obtained by averaging an unknown number of TARC curves was given. 19,26 On the other hand, the papers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] do not include an appreciation of the effects on the TARC curves given by the phase of the incoming signals, nor a satisfactory explanation of the context in which this effect can be disregarded.…”

“…Whereas in several other papers a wrong version of the equation was used [16][17][18][19] ; or only one curve was displayed without a mathematical explanation of how it was derived [20][21][22][23][24] ; only one value at the resonance frequencies was reported in a table 25 ; and, finally, one curve obtained by averaging an unknown number of TARC curves was given. 19,26 On the other hand, the papers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] do not include an appreciation of the effects on the TARC curves given by the phase of the incoming signals, nor a satisfactory explanation of the context in which this effect can be disregarded. It was also found that authors give the idea that TARC can evaluate the radiation efficiency of a set of diversity antennas, 8,15,20,25,26 even when the expression only considers lossless antennas.…”

A novel eight ports dual band antenna array for 2.4/3.5 GHz MIMO applications

“…The MIMO can substantially increase the wireless channel capacity in scattering environments without the additional power [8,9]. In most of the prior researches, some MIMO systems with two or more antennas operating at the same frequency bands have been proposed [10][11][12]. An antenna array consisting of three equilateral triangular-patch antenna elements has been proposed in [13], which operates at 2.65 GHz with good polarization.…”