Performance analysis of S‐MAC protocol

Summary Duty‐cycle at the media access control (MAC) layer plays a key role in energy savings and network lifetime extension. It consists in putting a node's radio in the sleep state as soon as it has no communication activity. Traditional wireless sensor network MAC protocols are designed with short duty‐cycles at the cost of long delays. Careful design is required for joint energy‐delay constrained applications, where the optimal parameters should be thoroughly derived. The present paper deals with this issue and mathematically derives optimal values of key MAC parameters under low data rate applications for 3 well‐known duty‐cycled MAC protocols, WiseMAC, SCP‐MAC, and LMAC as representatives of 3 MAC protocol categories, respectively, preamble‐sampling, slotted contention‐based, and frame‐based. The analysis provides also the optimum traffic sampling rate that guarantees the minimum energy consumption. It shows the role of these parameters in achieving the targeted end‐to‐end delay constraints under network models with uniform traffic generation, for ring and grid topologies. As a second contribution, the model is extended to nonuniform traffic scenarios, where a certain percentage of deployed nodes are relays whose role is to balance traffic forwarding and save the overall network energy. The results reveal that different optimal internal MAC parameters and traffic generation rates can be found for different configurations of relay nodes deployment, which achieve minimal network energy consumption while satisfying the application required end‐to‐end delay threshold.

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance optimization of duty‐cycled MAC in delay‐energy constrained sensor network under uniform and nonuniform traffic generation

Doudou

Barceló-Ordinas

Djenouri

et al. 2016

“…There exist works (e.g., ) on the study of performance of terrestrial wireless sensor network under different scenarios. Unlike terrestrial wireless sensor network, UWASNs are subjected to increased challenges because of adverse conditions of underwater channel.…”

Section: Related Work and Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of distributed underwater wireless acoustic sensor networks systems in the presence of internal solitons

Mandal

Misra

Dash

et al. 2014

Summary In this paper, we have analyzed the performance of distributed Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (UWASNs) in the presence of internal solitons in the ocean. Internal waves commonly occur in a layered oceanic environment having differential medium density. So, in a layered shallow oceanic region, the inclusion of the effect of internal solitons on the performance of the network is important. Based on various observations, it is proved that nonlinear internal waves, that is, solitons are one of the major scatterers of underwater sound. If sensor nodes are deployed in such type of environment, internode communication is affected because of the interaction of wireless acoustic signal with these solitons, as a result of which network performance is greatly affected. We have evaluated the performance of UWASNs in the 3‐D deployment scenario of nodes, in which source nodes are deployed in the ocean floor. In this paper, four performance metrics, namely, Signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise‐ratio (SINR), bit error rate (BER), Delay (DELAY), and energy consumption are introduced to assess the performance of UWASNs. Simulation studies show that in the presence of internal solitons, SINR decreases by approximately 10%, BER increases by 17%, delay increases by 0.24%, and energy consumption per node increases by 53.05%, approximately. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

“…Additionally, a recursive approach capable of calculating the mean access delay has been proposed in [3]. Paper [19] thoroughly analyzed the performance of sensor medium access control (S-MAC) scheme, which is a popular energy-efficient MAC protocol; this paper conducts the performance analysis of S-MAC protocol, where the mathematical equations for the saturation throughput analysis of S-MAC protocol are derived and verified experimentally. Only the research works in [14,15] have be reported to improve the scheduler of the HCF to enhance the performance of the network by archiving the delay upper bound for a large range of traffic load.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the HCCA mechanism has been rarely addressed because of its inflexibility using centralized control and assignment infrastructure. [19] Paper [20] presents an adaptive packet scheduling scheme for 802.16e networks; this paper uses a cross-layer approach and the states of the bandwidth request queues in the base station (BS) to limits the maximum delay to the real-time applications; this simulation results shows satisfactory results [20]. On the other hand, the work in [16] has proposed an analytical model for ad hoc networks, and it has also proposed a scheme to maximize the network throughput by tuning the initial contention windows size.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, there are also many works focused on QoS performance of the networks, such as the proposal in [18] that has proposed a scheduling algorithm with maximum latency guarantee. Paper [19] thoroughly analyzed the performance of sensor medium access control (S-MAC) scheme, which is a popular energy-efficient MAC protocol; this paper conducts the performance analysis of S-MAC protocol, where the mathematical equations for the saturation throughput analysis of S-MAC protocol are derived and verified experimentally. [19] Paper [20] presents an adaptive packet scheduling scheme for 802.16e networks; this paper uses a cross-layer approach and the states of the bandwidth request queues in the base station (BS) to limits the maximum delay to the real-time applications; this simulation results shows satisfactory results [20].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Performance improvements of HCCA scheduling in V2R environments

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Shu³

2013

This paper addresses the issue of real-time data transmission in vehicles to roadside environment by the hybrid coordination function controlled channel access (HCCA) scheme with Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11p protocol. The HCCA is one of the medium access protocols specified in 802.11p standard, which uses a polling scheme similar to the point coordination function to provide a reliable QoS. In this paper, we improve the HCCA polling scheme and design a new data transmission scheduling method. We also prepared a mathematical model to systematically evaluate the performance of the HCCA in terms of average delay. Moreover, we analyze the factors that could impact the average delay, throughput, and packet loss rate as well. The simulation results are compared with the original scheme specified in the standard. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed delay model could estimate the average delay of the HCCA with a high precision, whereas the proposal of the enhancement of the HCCA has lower delay, lower loss rate, and higher throughput than the one specified in the standard.