Performance characteristics of the temperature-modified ISO 9308-1 method for the enumeration of Escherichia coli in marine and inland bathing waters

Jozić, Slaven; Lušić, Darija Vukić; Ordulj, Marin; Frlan, Erina; Cenov, Arijana; Diković, Sonja; Kauzlarić, Vesna; Đurković, Lara Fiorido; Totić, Jasmina Stilinović; Ivšinović, Danijela; Eleršek, Nives; Vucić, Anita; Peroš-Pucar, Danijela; Klarin, Branka Unić; Bujas, Lidija; Puljak, Tatjana; Mamić, Mirna; Grilec, Dolores; Jadrušić, Marija; Šolić, Mladen

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.002

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Laboratory analysis was based on the detection and quantification of E. coli and intestinal enterococci, along with S. aureus as the additional parameter. All microbiological parameters were determined using a membrane filtration technique, the temperature modified HRN EN ISO 9308-1:2014 method [ 27 , 28 ] for E. coli , HRN EN ISO 7899-2:2000 for intestinal enterococci and the method described by Standard methods 23rd. Ed 2017.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus—An Additional Parameter of Bathing Water Quality for Crowded Urban Beaches

Topić¹,

Cenov²,

Jozić

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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During the last years, the report of the occurrence of waterborne disease symptoms related to non-enteric pathogens has increased, without any record of higher levels of indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli and intestinal enterococci). Therefore, the use of current indicators is not always adequate when assessing the overall potential health risk and the inclusion of additional parameters needs to be examined. This paper reports on the incidence and levels of Staphylococcus aureus at 258 locations in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County (Croatia) recorded by official bathing water quality monitoring, as well as supplemental monitoring carried out at the two most frequented beaches in the City of Rijeka. The number of bathers was found to be the main factor affecting S. aureus levels (r = 0.321, p < 0.05). The share of S. aureus positive samples from the official monitoring was significantly lower, when compared to the share of samples from supplemental monitoring (2.2% and 36.3%, respectively; p < 0.01). Besides the number of bathers, one of the main reasons is likely the higher sampling frequency. No correlation was found between S. aureus levels and the indicator bacteria. The results indicate that the determination of S. aureus and increased sampling frequency is recommended for overcrowded beaches.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus—An Additional Parameter of Bathing Water Quality for Crowded Urban Beaches

Topić¹,

Cenov²,

Jozić

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

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“…Wind, precipitation, and weather description are estimated during sampling. E. coli and intestinal enterococci are determined by the membrane filtration method, temperature modified ISO 9308-1:2014 [23] for E. coli, and ISO 7899-2:2000 [24] for intestinal enterococci, respectively. Maximal and minimal tide levels are measured by a station at the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Bathing Water Quality Using Official Monitoring Data

Džal

Kosović

Mastelić

et al. 2021

Water

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Predictive models of bathing water quality are a useful support to traditional monitoring and provide timely and adequate information for the protection of public health. When developing models, it is critical to select an appropriate model type and appropriate metrics to reduce errors so that the predicted outcome is reliable. It is usually necessary to conduct intensive sampling to collect a sufficient amount of data. This paper presents the process of developing a predictive model in Kaštela Bay (Adriatic Sea) using only data from regular (official) bathing water quality monitoring collected during five bathing seasons. The predictive modelling process, which included data preprocessing, model training, and model tuning, showed no silver bullet model and selected two model types that met the specified requirements: a neural network (ANN) for Escherichia coli and a random forest (RF) for intestinal enterococci. The different model types are probably the result of the different persistence of two indicator bacteria to the effects of marine environmental factors and consequently the different die-off rates. By combining these two models, the bathing water samples were classified with acceptable performances, an informedness of 71.7%, an F-score of 47.1%, and an overall accuracy of 80.6%.

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“…The ISO 9308-1 method has been modified to ISO 9308-1 2014 based on the chromogenic definition of E. coli with Chromogenic Coliform Agar (CCA) media [ 78 ]. Both versions ISO 9308-1 (2000, 2014) have been criticized as being unsuitable for monitoring environmental waters containing high levels of background bacterial flora [ 28 , 45 , 79 ]. The ISO 9308-3 method detects E. coli based on a fluorogenic reaction (positive for β-glucuronidase) [ 47 , 80 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bathing Water Quality Monitoring Practices in Europe and the United States

Tiwari

Oliver

Bivins

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Many countries including EU Member States (EUMS) and the United States (U.S.) regularly monitor the microbial quality of bathing water to protect public health. This study comprehensively evaluates the EU bathing water directive (BWD) and the U.S. recreational water quality criteria (RWQC) as regulatory frameworks for monitoring microbial quality of bathing water. The major differences between these two regulatory frameworks are the provision of bathing water profiles, classification of bathing sites based on the pollution level, variations in the sampling frequency, accepted probable illness risk, epidemiological studies conducted during the development of guideline values, and monitoring methods. There are also similarities between the two approaches given that both enumerate viable fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) as an index of the potential risk to human health in bathing water and accept such risk up to a certain level. However, enumeration of FIB using methods outlined within these current regulatory frameworks does not consider the source of contamination nor variation in inactivation rates of enteric microbes in different ecological contexts, which is dependent on factors such as temperature, solar radiation, and salinity in various climatic regions within their geographical areas. A comprehensive “tool-box approach”, i.e., coupling of FIB and viral pathogen indicators with microbial source tracking for regulatory purposes, offers potential for delivering improved understanding to better protect the health of bathers.

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Performance characteristics of the temperature-modified ISO 9308-1 method for the enumeration of Escherichia coli in marine and inland bathing waters

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Staphylococcus aureus—An Additional Parameter of Bathing Water Quality for Crowded Urban Beaches

Staphylococcus aureus—An Additional Parameter of Bathing Water Quality for Crowded Urban Beaches

Modelling Bathing Water Quality Using Official Monitoring Data

Bathing Water Quality Monitoring Practices in Europe and the United States

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