Performance comparison of black liquor gasification and oxidation in supercritical water from thermodynamic, environmental, and techno-economic perspectives

Liang, Jiamin; Liu, Yang; Chen, Jingwei; Jiaqiang, E; Leng, Erwei; Zhang, Feng; Liao, Gaoliang

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126787

Cited by 23 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…This way of simulating a process using a nonconventional solid as a feedstock and operating under chemical equilibrium has been used mostly in thermochemical processes, such as those concerning gasification, for more than a decade [9] and even more recently [10][11][12]. The same can be found in papers on supercritical water gasification (SCWG) [13][14][15][16][17][18]. A typical flowsheet is shown in Figure 2, where a dry biomass is mixed with a liquid water stream, pumped, and heated before entering the reactor, simulated as a combination of the RYield and RGibbs blocks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Practical Approach to Using Energy Integration in the Simulation of Biomass Thermochemical Processes: Application to Supercritical Water Gasification

Gutiérrez Ortiz,

López-Guirao

2024

Applied Sciences

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Solid biomass is usually simulated by decomposing it into a solid phase (carbon, ash, and sulfur) and a gas phase (water and diatomic molecules of H2, N2, O2, and Cl2) from the proximate and ultimate analysis before entering a reactor operating under chemical equilibrium when using Aspen Plus. However, this method prevents the use of energy integration for the feed stream from the system inlet to the reactor. This paper proposes an approach to solving this issue, considering biomass with both known and unknown chemical compositions; the latter involves the decomposition of biomass into complex molecular compounds. Different process arrangements were assessed to achieve a realistic simulation, and a sensitivity analysis was carried out to examine the effect of the concentration and heating upstream of the reactor, focused on supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of orange peel. This process is very energy-intensive, so the approach is useful for a better calculation of the energy requirement and exergy losses in a plant; these are usually and mainly related to the train of heat exchangers. In addition to this application to SCWG, this approach can be used for any other thermochemical process, such as gasification, pyrolysis, or combustion, and for any real biomass. Upon a base case study using a wet biomass of 10,000 kg/h with 90 wt.% water where the SCWG reaction takes place at 240 bar and 800 °C, if the temperature at the SCWG reactor inlet increases from 350 °C to 400 °C, the heat exchange increases by 57% from 4 MW and by 34% if the water content decreases to 70 wt.%, although more heat relative to the solid is saved.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Practical Approach to Using Energy Integration in the Simulation of Biomass Thermochemical Processes: Application to Supercritical Water Gasification

Gutiérrez Ortiz,

López-Guirao

2024

Applied Sciences

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Chemical characterization of heat‐treated kraft lignin after fractionation with organic solvents and pH effect

de Paula,

Nunes,

Demuner

et al. 2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Lignin, the main source of renewable aromatics, has a complex structure, high polydispersity, and low reactivity, which hinders its large‐scale use. This study aims to improve lignin reactivity through heat treatment combined with fractionation by organic solvents or the pH effect. Heat treatment of commercial hardwood black liquor was performed at 225 °C for 150 min. The samples were then fractionated either by using organic solvents (ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and acetone) or by lowering pH using hydrochloric acid (HCl) (pH values 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9). The fractionation was carried out in one step and in sequential mode. The fractionated samples were characterized chemically by the content of acid‐soluble and acid‐insoluble lignin, carbohydrates, ash, inorganic compounds (metals), elemental analysis, and by pyrolysis‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py‐GC–MS). The highest mass yields were obtained using the one‐step mode for both fractionations, with yields as high as 53.3% for organic solvents and 47.8% for the pH effect. Solvent fractionation reduced ash content by up to 75.4% and increased calorific value, carbon content, and total lignin content. Fractionation by pH effect showed an ash reduction of up to 55.9% and an increase in calorific value and carbon content of up to 8.7 MJ kg−1 and 49.7%, respectively. The Hansen solubility parameters were also calculated to address lignin's solubility in each of the tested solvents. These findings indicate that combining heat treatment and fractionation techniques improves lignin's chemical properties significantly, making it a more viable raw material for industrial use. This approach supports the circular economy by transforming lignin into a high‐value product, thereby promoting sustainable and efficient resource utilization across industries.

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Artificial intelligence methods for modeling gasification of waste biomass: a review

Alfarra,

Ozcan,

Cihan

et al. 2024

Environ Monit Assess

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Performance comparison of black liquor gasification and oxidation in supercritical water from thermodynamic, environmental, and techno-economic perspectives

Cited by 23 publications

References 54 publications

A Practical Approach to Using Energy Integration in the Simulation of Biomass Thermochemical Processes: Application to Supercritical Water Gasification

A Practical Approach to Using Energy Integration in the Simulation of Biomass Thermochemical Processes: Application to Supercritical Water Gasification

Chemical characterization of heat‐treated kraft lignin after fractionation with organic solvents and pH effect

Artificial intelligence methods for modeling gasification of waste biomass: a review

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