Performance of Fly Ash-Based Inorganic Polymer Mortar with Petroleum Sludge Ash

Kankia, Mubarak Usman; Baloo, Lavania; Danlami, Nasiru; Mohammed, Bashar S.; Haruna, Sani; Abubakar, Mahmud; Jagaba, Ahmad Hussaini; Sayed, Khalid; Abdulkadir, Isyaka; Salihi, Ibrahim Umar

doi:10.3390/polym13234143

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…From a local supplier, the NaOH (NH, purity 99%) and liquid Na 2 SiO 3 (NS) with Na 2 O 14.37 wt %, SiO 2 29.54 wt%, and H 2 O 56.09 wt% were obtained. Sand with 2.52 fineness modulus complying with ASTM C33/C33M-13 was used to make the geopolymer mortar [28]. Figure 2 depicts the PSA XRD pattern.…”

Section: Experiments Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Analysis and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash and Petroleum Sludge Ash Geopolymer Mortar under High Temperatures

et al. 2023

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The development of sustainable building materials and construction to decrease environmental pollution in both production and operational stages of the materials’ life cycle is appealing to great interest in the construction industries worldwide. This study evaluated the negative effect of temperature up to 1000 °C on the compressive strength and microstructure of fly ash and petroleum sludge ash (PSA) geopolymer mortar. A sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide mixture is used as an activator. The synthesized mortar was investigated using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). As the temperature increased, the compressive strength of the geopolymer mortar decreased. The strength degradation is due to the damage to microstructure because of the temperature-induced dehydroxylation, dehydration thermal incompatibility between geopolymer aggregate and paste of geopolymer mortar at high temperatures. With an increase in temperature, the cumulative pore volume increased. The FESEM image showed the decomposition of the geopolymer matrix started at a temperature of 600 °C. Incorporating PSA in geopolymer mortar could result in an eco-friendly and sustainable environment that may reduce the problems associated with sludge disposal.

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Section: Experiments Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Analysis and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash and Petroleum Sludge Ash Geopolymer Mortar under High Temperatures

et al. 2023

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“…If ∆G • is negative at a given temperature, then the reactions occur spontaneously. Moreover, the positive or negative changes of enthalpy ∆H • indicates the nature of the adsorption, whether it is endothermic or exothermic changes of entropy ∆S • indicates the interface sorption process [53][54][55]. A set of experiment is also carried out to determine the thermodynamic parameters of lead ions onto PPy-PEI nanoadsorbent at different temperatures in the range of 20-60 • C and the values of enthalpy change ∆H • and entropy change ∆S • were calculated from the slope and intercept of the plot ln Kd versus 1/T (Figure 13) and Table 8.…”

Section: Adsorption Thermodynamics On Lead Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer-Based Nano-Adsorbent for the Removal of Lead Ions: Kinetics Studies and Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2022

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This work successfully created a polypyrrole-polyethyleneimine (PPy-PEI) nano adsorbent for the elimination of the lead ion Pb2+ from an aqueous solution. An efficient conducting polymer-based adsorbent called as was created using ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 as an oxidant (PPy-PEI). The PEI hyper-branched polymer with terminal amino groups was added to the PPy adsorbent to offer heavy metals more effective chelating sites. Pb2+ removal from aqueous solution using polyethyleneimine micro adsorbent was successfully accomplished using a batch equilibrium technique (PPy-PEI). The generated water-insoluble polymer nanoadsorbent had enough nitrogen atoms; therefore, an effort was made to link PEI, a water-soluble PPy, with PPy, a conjugated polymer, for lead ion adsorption from an aqueous solution. The generated PPy-PEI nanoadsorbents were discovered to have average particle sizes of 18–34 nm and a Brunauer-Emmet-Teller surface area of 17 m2/g, respectively. The thermal behavior of the composites was investigated using thermo gravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric methods. The lead ion adsorption efficacy of pure polypyrrole was found to be 38%; however, a batch equilibrium technique employing nanoadsorbent revealed with the maximum adsorption capacity of 75.60 mg g−1. At pH 10 and 30 min of contact time at 50 °C, 0.2 g of adsorption was shown to be the ideal dosage. X-ray diffraction analysis, energy-dispersive ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared ray spectrum support the lead ion adsorption by PPy-PEI nanoadsorbents. The cauli-like structure was visible using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Studying the thermodynamic showed that the adsorption was endothermic as illustrated from the positive value of value of ΔH° is 1.439 kJ/mol which indicates that the uptake of Pb2+onto nanoadsorbent PPy-PEI could be attributed to a physical adsorption process. According to the values of ΔG°, the adsorption process was spontaneous at all selected temperatures. The positive value of ΔS° value (43.52 j/mol) suggested an increase in the randomness at the solid/solution interface during the adsorption process. The adsorption data meet the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and suited the Langumuir isothermal model effectively.

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“…An enormous number of works on geopolymer materials in the literature strive to understand the early phase of their development. In most situations, the samples were examined after ninety days of curing [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. A deeper knowledge of the various alterations that occur in geopolymers following synthesis is critical in this context.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

et al. 2023

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This paper elucidates the mechanical performance, microstructure, and porosity evolution of fly ash geopolymer after 10 years of curing age. Given their wide range of applications, understanding the microstructure of geopolymers is critical for their long-term use. The outcome of fly ash geopolymer on mechanical performance and microstructural characteristics was compared between 28 days of curing (FA28D) and after 10 years of curing age (FA10Y) at similar mixing designs. The results of this work reveal that the FA10Y has a beneficial effect on strength development and denser microstructure compared to FA28D. The total porosity of FA10Y was also lower than FA28D due to the anorthite formation resulting in the compacted matrix. After 10 years of curing age, the 3D pore distribution showed a considerable decrease in the range of 5–30 µm with the formation of isolated and intergranular holes.

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Performance of Fly Ash-Based Inorganic Polymer Mortar with Petroleum Sludge Ash

Cited by 23 publications

References 62 publications

Microstructural Analysis and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash and Petroleum Sludge Ash Geopolymer Mortar under High Temperatures

Microstructural Analysis and Compressive Strength of Fly Ash and Petroleum Sludge Ash Geopolymer Mortar under High Temperatures

Polymer-Based Nano-Adsorbent for the Removal of Lead Ions: Kinetics Studies and Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

Mechanical Performance, Microstructure, and Porosity Evolution of Fly Ash Geopolymer after Ten Years of Curing Age

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