Performance of Inoculated Common Bean in Response to Different Cover Crops and Desiccation Times

Abstract

-The common bean requires high levels of nitrogen (N) to achieve high productivity, which can be supplied, at least partially, by the biological nitrogen fixation (BFN). Two field experiments were carried out in the winter season of 2015 aiming to evaluate the effects of different cover crops, desiccation times and the agronomic performance of the common bean inoculated with rhizobia. The experiments were assembled in a randomized block design with four replications, in a factorial split-plot arrangement with two additional treatments (5x4x2+2). The factors were composed of five cover crops, four desiccation times, two seed inoculation treatments and two additional controls (TN = 90 Kg N ha -1 and T0 = without N and without inoculation). The variables analyzed in the cover crops were dry mass (DM) and total nitrogen (Total-N). With the common bean, the chlorophyll content (CC), the number of nodules (NN), the nodule dry weight (NDW), the shoot dry weight (SDW), the root dry weight (RDW) and the grain yield (GY) were evaluated. The results showed that the agronomic performance of the common bean was not affected by the desiccation times of the cover crops, although the amount of Total-N accumulated by cover crops was influenced by sowing times. Inoculation of the common bean promoted an increase in the NN, NDW, CC and SDW. Higher GY of the common bean was achieved with its cropping after Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria ruziziensis, millet and fallow.Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris. No tillage system. Biological nitrogen fixation. DESEMPENHO DO FEIJOEIRO-COMUM INOCULADO EM RESPOSTA A DIFERENTES PLANTAS DE COBERTURA E ÉPOCAS DE DESSECAÇÃORESUMO -O feijoeiro-comum requer altos níveis de nitrogênio (N) para alcançar elevadas produtividades, os quais podem ser supridos, ao menos parcialmente, pela fixação biológica de N (FBN). Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de diferentes plantas de cobertura e épocas de dessecação no desempenho agronômico do feijoeiro-comum inoculado com rizóbio, foram conduzidos dois experimentos em campo, na safra de inverno 2015. Os experimentos foram implantados em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial de parcelas sub subdivididas com tratamentos adicionais (5x4x2+2). Os fatores foram: cinco plantas de cobertura, quatro épocas de dessecação, dois tratamentos de inoculação das sementes e duas testemunhas (TN = 90 Kg N ha -1 e T0 = sem N e sem inoculação). As variáveis analisadas nas plantas de cobertura foram massa seca (MS) e nitrogênio total (N-Total). No feijoeiro-comum avaliou-se teor de clorofila (TC), número de nódulos (NN), massa seca de nódulos (MSN), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca de raiz (MSR) e a produção de grãos (PG). Os resultados mostraram que o desempenho agronômico do feijoeiro-comum não foi afetado pelas épocas de dessecação das plantas de cobertura, embora a quantidade de N-Total acumulada pelas plantas de cobertura tenha sido influenciada pela época de semeadura. A inoculação do feijoeiro-comum promoveu aumento do N...

Organomineral Fertilization Associated with Inoculation of Rhizobium tropici and Co-Inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense in Common Bean

“…In a study developed by [21], the amount of SDM was influenced by the reinoculation of Rhizobium tropici, corroborating the results found in this study. The increase in bean plant SDM through inoculation was also noted by [22]. Therefore, it can be observed that the use of inoculants can assist in plant development.…”

Utilização De Plantas De Cobertura Como Alternativa De Manejo Sustentável

“…Diversos estudos demonstram maior aproveitamento do nitrogênio e ganhos produtivos na cultura do arroz (SILVA et al, 2016), aumento da fitomassa, gerando aumento na produtividade do milho (Carvalho et al, 2015), redução da infestação de plantas daninhas no cultivo de soja e milheto (Adami et al, 2020), acúmulo de nitrogênio e aumento do desempenho agronômico do feijão-comum (Oliveira et al, 2017), melhorias na fertilidade do solo e incrementos significativos nos teores de nutrientes (P, K + , Mg 2+ e Ca 2+ ) e matéria orgânica do solo (NASCENTE et al, 2015), entre outros.…”

Bioagents and Mix of Cover Plants Affecting Soybean

“…Studies with cover crops showed greater use of nitrogen and productive gains in rice (SILVA et al, 2016), increased phytomass and, consequently, corn productivity (CARVALHO et al, 2015), reduction of weed infestation in soybean and millet (ADAMI et al, 2020) and nitrogen accumulation (N) and increased agronomic performance of common bean (OLIVEIRA et al, 2017). Thus, the use of cover crops in agricultural systems has been incorporated as a sustainable strategy, enabling the reduction of the use of agrochemicals and, consequently, production costs, growth and increase in productivity (REZENDE et al, 2021).…”