Performance of Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides Applied with Novel Lawn Care Application Equipment

Patton, Aaron J.; Weisenberger, Daniel V.; Schortgen, Geoff P.; Fausey, Jason C.; Breuninger, James M.

doi:10.2134/cftm2018.06.0039

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is reported that the performance of systemic herbicides increased more consistently with decreasing droplet size than herbicides with a contact mode of action (Knoche, 1994). Contrary to the previous experiment, Patton et al (2018) reported that herbicides equally well controlled Taraxacum officinale L. and Trifolium repens L. with low‐volume equipment despite low carrier volume and coarse droplet size. Milanowski et al (2022) reported that adding the adjuvant (rapeseed oil, natural origin) numerically decreased the percentage of droplet size.…”

Section: Mitigating the Adverse Effects Of Poor Water Quality On Herb...mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It is reported that the performance of systemic herbicides increased more consistently with decreasing droplet size than herbicides with a contact mode of action (Knoche, 1994). Contrary to the previous experiment, Patton et al (2018) T A B L E 4 Octanol/water partition coefficient (log K ow ) and acid dissociation constant (pK a ) values for some important selected post-emergent herbicides (Anonymous, 2022;Anonymus, 2007;Senseman, 2007). (Knoche, 1994).…”

Section: Interaction Of Herbicide Properties and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 86%

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Effects and mitigation of poor water quality on herbicide performance: A review

et al. 2023

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Spray water quality parameters such as hardness, pH, alkalinity, turbidity, and total dissolved solids (TDS) can influence the performance of herbicides. Polyvalent cations found in hard water can reduce the efficacy of post‐emergence herbicides that are weak acids. Various approaches have been proposed to mitigate the negative effects of spray water properties on herbicide performance. Water conditioning adjuvants are designed for overcoming the adverse effects of hard water. One group of adjuvants are nitrogen containing compounds such as ammonium sulfate (AMS). The ability of AMS to overcome hard water antagonism is well‐documented but the positive effect of other ammonium compounds are variable and depend on herbicides and weed species. Other adjuvant groups that can overcome effects of poor spray quality are ethoxylated amine surfactants, organic acids and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Water quality is poor in many parts of the world, and accordingly, the study of water property effects on herbicide performance is needed to optimize use, and prevent overuse, of herbicides.

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Section: Mitigating the Adverse Effects Of Poor Water Quality On Herb...mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It is reported that the performance of systemic herbicides increased more consistently with decreasing droplet size than herbicides with a contact mode of action (Knoche, 1994). Contrary to the previous experiment, Patton et al (2018) T A B L E 4 Octanol/water partition coefficient (log K ow ) and acid dissociation constant (pK a ) values for some important selected post-emergent herbicides (Anonymous, 2022;Anonymus, 2007;Senseman, 2007). (Knoche, 1994).…”

Section: Interaction Of Herbicide Properties and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 86%

Effects and mitigation of poor water quality on herbicide performance: A review

et al. 2023

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“…The efficacy of flazasulfuron applied alone or in mixture with pronamide failed to differ due to droplet spectra. Prior literature evaluating the effects of droplet spectra on postemergence herbicide control have observed that a range of droplet spectra are suitable for many postemergence herbicides (Ferguson et al 2018; Nangle et al 2021; Patton et al 2019). This lack of difference may be due to pronamide's apparent reliance upon root absorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have evaluated the effects of droplet spectrum on pesticide efficacy in turfgrass systems (Fidanza et al 2009; Nangle et al 2021; Patton et al 2019). Information about the effects of spray droplet spectrum on pronamide efficacy in controlling annual bluegrass is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of spray droplet spectra on control of Poa annua with pronamide

Ignes,

Ferguson,

Tseng

et al. 2023

Weed Technol

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Annual bluegrass is a troublesome weed in turfgrass, with reported resistance to at least 12 herbicide sites of action. The mitotic-inhibiting herbicide pronamide has both preemergence and postemergence activity on susceptible annual bluegrass populations. Previous studies suggest that postemergence activity may be compromised due to lack of root uptake, as well as target-site- and translocation-based mechanisms. Research was conducted to determine the effects of spray droplet spectra on spray coverage and control of annual bluegrass with pronamide, flazasulfuron, and a mixture of pronamide plus flazasulfuron. Herbicides were delivered to annual bluegrass plants having two to three leaves via five different spray spectra based on volume median diameters (VMD) of 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1,000 µm. Fluorescent tracer dye was added to each treatment solution to quantify the effects of herbicide and spray droplet spectra on herbicide deposition. In another experiment, the efficacy of 0.58, 1.16, and 2.32 kg pronamide ha−1; 0.022, 0.044, and 0.088 kg flazasulfuron ha−1, or a combination of the two, were assessed in iteration with droplet spectrum sprays of 400 and 1,000 µm on two pronamide-resistant and two pronamide-susceptible annual bluegrass populations. Spray droplet spectrum affected the deposition of pronamide and flazasulfuron, applied alone and in combination. Pronamide foliar deposition decreased with increasing droplet spectra. Pronamide efficacy was affected by droplet spectrum, with the largest (1,000 µm) exhibiting improved control. Flazasulfuron efficacy and pronamide plus flazasulfuron efficacy were not affected by droplet spectra. Pronamide plus flazasulfuron mixture controlled all four populations more effectively than pronamide alone, regardless of droplet spectra. A mixture of pronamide plus flazasulfuron applied with relatively large droplets may be optimal for annual bluegrass control, which offers valuable insights for optimizing herbicide application and combatting herbicide resistance. However, applications in this controlled-growth pot study may not mimic conditions in which thatch and turfgrass canopy limit the soil deposition of pronamide.

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“…Turfgrass applicators spray herbicides in carrier volumes ranging from 93 to 815 L ha À1 (Patton et al, 2018). This experiment used 815 L ha À1 which is traditionally used in many turfgrass applications but lower spray volumes closer to 102 L ha À1 are more common in novel lawn spray equipment (Patton et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved control of Taraxacum officinale with 2,4‐D in the field from ammonium sulphate additions

Schortgen,

Patton

2023

Weed Research

Self Cite

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Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers (dandelion) is a common weed of cool‐season turfgrass with 2,4‐D as the most commonly used herbicide for its control. Hard water is known to antagonise 2,4‐D dimethylamine herbicide efficacy in greenhouse studies, and this antagonism is mitigated by adding the water conditioning agent ammonium sulphate (AMS) to spray mixtures. As greenhouse herbicide efficacy trials do not always provide similar control to field studies, this experiment was undertaken to determine how hard water and AMS influences 2,4‐D dimethylamine control of T. officinale in established lawns. Hard water was prepared to achieve 0, 275, 450 and 675 mg CaCO3 L−1. The 2,4‐D was applied at each hardness level with and without AMS at 20 g L−1 in eight separate field trials across three sites and two seasons. Regardless of water hardness level, 2,4‐D treatments with AMS added reduced T. officinale cover at 52 weeks after application (WAA) compared to those without AMS. Similarly, fewer T. officinale plants were recorded when adding AMS to 2,4‐D. Taraxacum officinale cover at 52 WAA was higher when applied in water with a hardness of 450 mg CaCO3 L−1 or more compared to applications in distilled water (0 mg CaCO3 L−1). When hard water antagonism occurred, the addition of AMS to the spray mixture reduced the antagonism. Based on this field experiment and consistent with greenhouse experiments, applicators should mix AMS at 20 g L−1 when applying 2,4‐D dimethylamine, especially in hard water.

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Performance of Postemergence Broadleaf Herbicides Applied with Novel Lawn Care Application Equipment

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Effects and mitigation of poor water quality on herbicide performance: A review

Effects and mitigation of poor water quality on herbicide performance: A review

Effect of spray droplet spectra on control of Poa annua with pronamide

Improved control of Taraxacum officinale with 2,4‐D in the field from ammonium sulphate additions

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