Performance of WC–C peritectic and Ru–C eutectic fixed points

Sasajima, N.; Lu, X.; Khlevnoy, B. B.; Grigoryeva, Irina; Yoo, Yong Shim; Otryaskin, D. A.; Маркин, С.М.; Wang, T; Yamada, Yoshiro

doi:10.1088/1681-7575/ab3707

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…When heated from 2000°C to 2200°C, the phenomenon of signal shunting was rst observed, when the thermocouple readings began to deviate in the negative direction from the pyrometer readings by (13)(14)(15) °C, but they shifted and were at the same time quite stable. The temperature rising to 2400 ℃ immediately revealed signi cant decrease in the thermocouple readings to minus 55 ℃ relative to the pyrometer.…”

Section: Specimen Testing In a Protective Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tungsten–Rhenium Thermocouples Calibration in Ultra-High Temperature Range

Ulanovskiy¹,

Ankudinov²

2023

Int J Thermophys

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There are presented results of experimental research on calibration of tungsten-rhenium thermocouples at the temperatures exceeding the upper limit of measurements (1700 ℃) of standard type B thermocouple. The research was carried out using the high-temperature installation UKT-2500, designed for practical use in production of temperature sensors based on refractory thermocouples. The available electrical insulating materials for thermoelements have been tested in the temperature range of (1500-2500) ℃. The effects of signal shunting and thermocouples stability in an inert atmosphere have been investigated at upper limit of the operating temperature range. There was proved practical feasibility of the method for calibration of several contact temperature sensors (up to 10) in one run relative to radiation pyrometer readings. Its suitability for thermocouple calibration and certifying of thermoelement wires in the temperature range (1200-2200) ℃ was shown. Calibration of a single tungsten-rhenium thermocouple made at the reference xed point Ru-C demonstrated the highest accuracy. Using bare wire thermoelements W-Re5% and W-Re20%, type A thermocouple was calibrated in the whole measuring range from 1200 ℃ to 2500 ℃ against an accurate radiation pyrometer.

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Section: Specimen Testing In a Protective Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

“…They can reproduce the melting temperature with high accuracy. [12,13,14]. Two xed-points are suitable for calibration of W-Re-thermocouples with hafnia and sapphire insulators behind 1700 ℃: Pt-C (~ 1738 ℃) and Ru-C (~ 1954 ℃).…”

Section: Calibration Of W-re Thermocouple At the Reference Fixed-pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten–Rhenium Thermocouples Calibration in Ultra-High Temperature Range

Ulanovskiy¹,

Ankudinov²

2023

Int J Thermophys

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“…The regular (previous) spectral irradiance measurement facility of NIM is based on a variable-temperature blackbody [23] and measurements of its radiance temperature by a photoelectric pyrometer LP4, calibrated against three fixed point (Pt-C, Re-C and WC-C), traceably to the NIM realization of the Kelvin [14,24,25]. The expanded uncertainty of LP4 calibration is 1.0 K at the level of 3020 K. The new spectral irradiance facility based on WC-C fixed-point blackbody includes two WC-C fixed-point blackbodies, a large-cell blackbody with a 14 mm cavity diameter cell and a small-cell one with a 3 mm diameter cell.…”

Section: Spectral Irradiance Measurement Facility Based On a 14 MM Wc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important advantage of WC-C is the fact that its thermodynamic temperature value will be soon updated within the international project 'realising the redefined kelvin' (Real-K) [12], which will make this fixed point available for the mise en pratique of the kelvin and link the spectral irradiance scale with the newly defined kelvin. The 3 mm diameter WC-C HTFP blackbodies are generally used in radiation thermometry [13,14], or in radiometry for traceability to temperature scale [15,16]. After development and investigation of small WC-C cells with cavity diameters of 3 mm and 5 mm [17,18], VNIIOFI developed a large area fixed-point cell blackbody with the cavity diameter of 14 mm [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral irradiance scale realization and uncertainty analysis based on a 14 mm diameter WC–C fixed point blackbody from 250 nm to 2500 nm

Dai

Wang

et al. 2022

Metrologia

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Spectral irradiance scale in the wavelength range from 250 nm to 2500 nm was realized at National Institute of Metrology (NIM) on the basis of a large area tungsten carbide–carbon (WC-C) high temperature fixed point blackbody, which is composed of a 14 mm diameter WC-C fixed point cell and a variable temperature blackbody BB3500MP as a furnace. A series of 1000 W FEL tungsten halogen lamps were used as transfer standards. The new spectral irradiance scale was compared with the scale based on a variable-temperature blackbody BB3500M, and the divergence between these two methods varied from -0.66% to 0.79% from 280 nm to 2100 nm. The measurement uncertainty of spectral irradiance scale based on fixed-point blackbody was analyzed, and the expanded uncertainty was estimated as 3.9% at 250 nm, 1.4% at 280 nm, 0.43 % at 400 nm, 0.27% at 800 nm, 0.25% at 1000 nm, 0.62% at 1500 nm, 0.76% at 2000 nm, and 2.4% at 2500 nm respectively. In the range from 300 nm to 1000 nm the fixed-point scale was improved obviously: the uncertainty decreased by more than 25% compared to the uncertainty based on the variable temperature blackbody. Below 300 nm, the uncertainty became higher because the signal to noise ratio was poor. Above 1100 nm, the contribution of temperature measurement to the uncertainty of spectral irradiance decreases, therefore the uncertainties of two methods are almost at the same level. The fixed-point blackbody was also used to realize the correlated colour temperature and distribution temperature of a tungsten filament lamp, the deviation from the variable temperature blackbody method was -0.5 K and -2.9 K, respectively.

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“…The Re-C fixed point is one of the most carefully investigated HTFPs [6][7][8]. Being well studied and having a suitable temperature, the Re-C fixed point is involved in measuring the thermodynamic temperature (T) of other HTFPs, such as WC-C, δ(MoC)-C and Ru-C, as well as in the realisation of some radiometric and photometric quantities [9][10][11][12][13][14]. The accuracy of the Re-C fixed point T directly affects the accuracy of the * Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Furnace effect for the Re-C fixed point

Khlevnoy,

Grigoryeva

2023

Metrologia

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The furnace effect of the rhenium-carbon (Re-C) high-temperature fixed point was experimentally estimated by comparing the point-of-inflection temperature of the melting plateau demonstrated by the same Re-C cell in three furnaces of different dimensions. Two cells with the same outer sizes but different blackbody cavity design were used. After corrections of the measured temperature for the size-of-source effect and pyrometer stability, the furnace effect, estimated as the maximum change of the Re-C temperature from furnace to furnace, was found to be 0.094 K for the “best” realisation of the fixed point. For the “normal” realisation additional components of the furnace effect, associated with non-optimal use of the fixed-point cell and furnace were considered. The uncertainty component of the Re-C fixed point realisation associated with the furnace effect was estimated to be 0.060 K and 0.110 K for the best and normal cases, respectively.

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Performance of WC–C peritectic and Ru–C eutectic fixed points

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Tungsten–Rhenium Thermocouples Calibration in Ultra-High Temperature Range

Tungsten–Rhenium Thermocouples Calibration in Ultra-High Temperature Range

Spectral irradiance scale realization and uncertainty analysis based on a 14 mm diameter WC–C fixed point blackbody from 250 nm to 2500 nm

Furnace effect for the Re-C fixed point

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