Performance Study of a Large Monolithic LYSO PET Detector With Accurate Photon DOI Using Retroreflector Layers

González-Montoro, Andrea; Aguilar, Albert; Cañizares, Gabriel; Conde, P.; Hernández, L.; Vidal, Luis; Galasso, Matteo; Fabbri, Andrea; Sánchez, F.; Benlloch, J.; González, Antonio J.

doi:10.1109/trpms.2017.2692819

Cited by 68 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…2 top-left). This particular optical element bounces back the light towards the emission point, improving the light collection at the photosensors while preserving the light distribution [20].…”

Section: Detector Set-upsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the calculation of the Z coordinate, here referred as the Depth of Interaction (DOI), for each gamma-ray impact in the monolithic block we summed the energies collected for every row and column of the 8 × 8 SiPMs. Thereafter, the Z coordinate was determined using the estimator described as the ratio of the impact energy to the SiPM row (or column) to the highest signal [20]. The energy of each event is simply extracted by the sum of all channels fired.…”

Section: Analysis On the Monolithic Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detector block configurations which make use of monolithic crystals provide some advantages when compared to pixelated crystals and, therefore, make them good candidates for PET applications [18][19][20][21]. The crystal thickness and geometry, as well as treatments on the walls vary depending on the application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring TOF capabilities of PET detector blocks based on large monolithic crystals and analog SiPMs

et al. 2020

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A B S T R A C TMonolithic scintillators are more frequently used in PET instrumentation due to their advantages in terms of accurate position estimation of the impinging gamma rays both planar and depth of interaction, their increased efficiency, and expected timing capabilities. Such timing performance has been studied when those blocks are coupled to digital photosensors showing an excellent timing resolution.In this work we study the timing behaviour of detectors composed by monolithic crystals and analog SiPMs read out by an ASIC. The scintillation light spreads across the crystal towards the photosensors, resulting in a high number of SiPMs and ASIC channels fired. This has been studied in relation with the Coincidence Timing Resolution (CTR). We have used LYSO monolithic blocks with dimensions of 50 × 50 × 15 mm 3 coupled to SiPM arrays (8 × 8 elements with 6 × 6 mm 2 area) which compose detectors suitable for clinical applications.While a CTR as good as 186 ps FWHM was achieved for a pair of 3 × 3 × 5 mm 3 LYSO crystals, when using the monolithic block and the SiPM arrays, a raw CTR over 1 ns was observed. An optimal timestamp assignment was studied as well as compensation methods for the time-skew and time-walk errors. This work describes all steps followed to improve the CTR. Eventually, an average detector time resolution of 497 ps FWHM was measured for the whole thick monolithic block. This improves to 380 ps FWHM for a central volume of interest near the photosensors. The timing dependency with the photon depth of interaction and planar position are also included.

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Section: Detector Set-upsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis On the Monolithic Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring TOF capabilities of PET detector blocks based on large monolithic crystals and analog SiPMs

et al. 2020

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“…Different vendors provide this technology as standard or customized products. Different readout technologies might be utilized namely digitizing every photosensor SiPM element using for instance Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) or an analog integrated approach providing information for each row and column signals of the SiPM array ( 9 , 17 ). A significant additional requirement resides in the MR compatibility.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of a Small Animal PET Insert Based on a Single LYSO Monolithic Tube

et al. 2018

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There are drawbacks with using a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner design employing the traditional arrangement of multiple detectors in an array format. Typically PET systems are constructed with many regular gaps between the detector modules in a ring or box configuration, with additional axial gaps between the rings. Although this has been significantly reduced with the use of the compact high granularity SiPM photodetector technology, such a scanner design leads to a decrease in the number of annihilation photons that are detected causing lower scanner sensitivity. Moreover, the ability to precisely determine the line of response (LOR) along which the positron annihilated is diminished closer to the detector edges because the spatial resolution there is degraded due to edge effects. This happens for both monolithic based designs, caused by the truncation of the scintillation light distribution, but also for detector blocks that use crystal arrays with a number of elements that are larger than the number of photosensors and, therefore, make use of the light sharing principle. In this report we present a design for a small-animal PET scanner based on a single monolithic annulus-like scintillator that can be used as a PET insert in high-field Magnetic Resonance systems. We provide real data showing the performance improvement when edge-less modules are used. We also describe the specific proposed design for a rodent scanner that employs facetted outside faces in a single LYSO tube. In a further step, in order to support and prove the proposed edgeless geometry, simulations of that scanner have been performed and lately reconstructed showing the advantages of the design.

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“…O RGAN-specific, targeted FoV PET/MRI inserts are viable solutions for a number of imaging tasks where whole-body PET/MRI systems lack the necessary sensitivity and resolution [1]- [4]. Whilst these systems' smaller PET bore diameters of approximately 10 to 30 cm result in increased sensitivity across their FoV, it also increases the impact of "parallax error" on system spatial resolution that arise from Depth-of-Interaction (DoI) effects within clinical PET radiation detectors [2], [5], [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Count-Rate and Depth-of-Interaction Resolving Single-Layered One-Side Readout Pixelated Scintillator Crystal Array for PET Applications

Brown

Brünner

Schaart

2020

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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Organ-specific, targeted Field-of-View (FoV) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) inserts are viable solutions for a number of imaging tasks where whole-body PET/MRI systems lack the necessary sensitivity and resolution. To meet the required PET detector performance of these systems, high count-rates and effective spatial resolutions on the order of a few mm, a novel two-axis patterned reflector foil pixelated scintillator crystal array design is developed and its proof-of-concept illustrated in-silico with the Monte Carlo radiation transport modelling toolkit Geant4. It is shown that the crystal surface roughness and phased open reflector cross-section patterns could be optimised to maximise either the PET radiation detector's effective spatial resolution, or count rate before event pile up. In addition, it was illustrated that these two parameters had minimal impact on the energy and time resolution of the proposed PET radiation detector design. Finally, it is shown that a PET radiation detector with balance performance could be constructed using ground crystals and phased open reflector cross-section pattern corresponding to the middle of the tested range.

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Performance Study of a Large Monolithic LYSO PET Detector With Accurate Photon DOI Using Retroreflector Layers

Cited by 68 publications

References 24 publications

Exploring TOF capabilities of PET detector blocks based on large monolithic crystals and analog SiPMs

Exploring TOF capabilities of PET detector blocks based on large monolithic crystals and analog SiPMs

Feasibility Study of a Small Animal PET Insert Based on a Single LYSO Monolithic Tube

A High Count-Rate and Depth-of-Interaction Resolving Single-Layered One-Side Readout Pixelated Scintillator Crystal Array for PET Applications

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