Performances and Emissions Evaluation of a Microturbojet Engine Running on Biodiesel Blends

Cican, Grigore; Pleșu, Valentin; Deaconu, Marius; Toma, Adina Cristina; Cretu, Mihaela

doi:10.1115/1.4042718

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A few of the studies have been finalized also with demonstrative flights [21][22][23]. In addition to engine performance assessment, research has also been focused on the evaluation of combustion and gaseous pollutant emissions [24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Mirea,

Cican

2024

Inventions

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The research experimentally examines the viability of biodiesel obtained from pork fat (BP) as a sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) when mixed with kerosene (Ke)—Jet-A aviation fuel + 5% Aeroshell 500 oil. Various blends of biodiesel and kerosene (10, 20, and 30% vol. of BP added in Ke) were subjected to testing in an aviation micro turbo-engine under different operational states: idle, cruise, and maximum power. During the tests, monitoring of engine parameters such as burning temperature, fuel consumption, and thrust force was conducted. The study also encompassed the calculation of crucial performance indicators like burning efficiency, thermal efficiency, and specific consumption for all fuel blends under maximum power conditions. Combustion temperatures ahead of the turbines rise with an increase in biodiesel concentration, particularly in the idle regime, without compromising engine integrity. However, for regimes 2 and 3, the temperature in front of the turbine decreases with rising biodiesel concentration, accompanied by an increase in fuel flow rate. This phenomenon is reflected in the elevated specific consumption. Notably, for regime 3, there is a noticeable rise in specific consumption, starting from S = 0.0264 kg/Nh when the turbo-engine operates solely with Ke, to S = 0.0266 kg/Nh for Ke + 10% BP, S = 0.0269 kg/Nh for Ke + 20% BP, and S = 0.0275 kg/Nh for Ke + 30% BP. Physical–chemical properties of the blends, encompassing density, viscosity, flash point, and calorific power, were determined. Furthermore, elemental analysis and FTIR were used for chemical composition determination. The amount of CO2 produced during the stoichiometric combustion reaction with air showed variations. Initially, when using only Ke, it amounted to 3.12 kg per kilogram of fuel. Upon adding 10% BP, this value decreased to 3.09 kg, further reducing to 3.05 kg with 20% BP. The lowest value was observed with 30% BP, reaching 3.04 kg. Experimental assessments were performed on the Jet Cat P80® micro-turbo-engine, covering aspects such as starting procedures, sudden acceleration, sudden deceleration, and emissions of pollutants (NOx, CO, and SO2) during several engine operational phases. The outcomes reveal that the examined fuel blends exhibited stable engine performance across all tested conditions. This indicates that these blends hold promise as sustainable aviation fuels for micro turbo-engines, presenting benefits in terms of diminished pollution and a more ecologically sound raw material base for fuel production.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Mirea,

Cican

2024

Inventions

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“…Biodiesel is produced from organic matter, especially plants [31,32] or animals [33,34], and each type of biodiesel has slightly different properties compared to kerosene [35]. Various studies have investigated blends of kerosene and biodiesel in micro-engines, analyzing their performance and pollutant emissions [36,37], highlighting the emission advantages for biodiesel blends [38,39] or studies analyzing 100% biodiesel as a fuel for micro-engines, investigating both engine performance and pollutant emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Transient Process Analysis of Micro-Turbojet Aviation Engines: Comparing the Effects of Diesel and Kerosene Fuels at Different Ambient Temperatures

Cican

2024

Energies

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In this paper, we investigate the impact of diesel and kerosene on the transient processes occurring in a micro-turbojet aviation engine. The experiments were conducted under two distinct ambient temperature conditions, 0 and 20 °C. Specifically, we analyzed the starting phase of the micro-engine while operating with kerosene and diesel at both ambient temperature settings. Comparative graphs were generated, and the starting time was meticulously examined. Subsequently, we constructed performance maps for the engine using both fuels and across the two ambient temperature scenarios. We then executed a transient process, comprising sudden acceleration and deceleration, under the aforementioned ambient temperature conditions and with both fuels. The fluctuations in temperature within the combustion chamber, thrust force, and fuel consumption are presented for both rapid acceleration and deceleration events. Furthermore, we conducted comparisons between the thrust force, fuel flow rate, combustion chamber temperature, and specific fuel consumption for the two fuels tested and under the two ambient temperature conditions, both during idle and at higher engine regimes. In the idle regime at 0 °C, the kerosene flow is about 0.78% higher than diesel, with the kerosene thrust approximately 1.92% greater. At 20 °C, the kerosene consumption rises by roughly 5.56% compared to diesel, while the thrust increases by about 1.38%. It was observed that at the maximum operating regime, at 0 °C, the kerosene flow exceeds diesel by around 6%, with the kerosene thrust slightly higher, by about 0.63%. At 20 °C, the kerosene consumption rises by roughly 13.19% compared to diesel, while the thrust increases by about 5.91%. In higher regimes, the kerosene consumption surpasses diesel, but the thrust increase is not significant. Thus, diesel’s use as a fuel for the microturbo engine is justified due to its lower consumption at both 0 °C and 20 °C.

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“…Several studies have been conducted aiming to assess the use of alternative fuels in turbo engines, consisting of both in lab and in-flight assessment [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Other studies that are evaluating the combustion and gaseous emissions of bio-jet fuel blends in a gas turbine combustor are described in [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Investigation to Use the Biodiesel Resulting from Recycled Sunflower Oil, and Sunflower Oil with Palm Oil as Fuels for Aviation Turbo-Engines

Cican

Deaconu

Mirea

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The paper is presenting the experimental analysis of the use of biodiesel from waste sunflower oil and a blend of sunflower oil with palm oil as fuel for aviation turbo-engines. A comparative analysis for fuel mixtures made of Jet A + 5% Aeroshell 500 Oil (Ke) with 10%, 30%, and 50% for each bio-fuel type has been performed and Ke has been used as reference. Firstly, the following physical and chemical properties were determined: density, viscosity, flash point, freezing point, calorific power. Then, elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were conducted for Ke, biodiesel obtained from recycled sunflower oil (SF), biodiesel obtained from blending recycled sunflower oil, and recycled palm oil (SFP), and for each fuel blend. Secondly, experimental tests of the blends have been conducted on the Jet Cat P80® micro-turbo engine (Gunt Hamburg, Barsbüttel, Germany). The tests have been conducted at different engine working regimes as follows: idle, cruise, intermediate, and maximum. For each regime, a one-minute testing period was chosen, and the engine parameters have been monitored. The turbo engine instrumentation recorded the temperature after the compressor and before the turbine, the fuel consumption and air flow, pressure inside the combustion chamber, and generated thrust. The burning efficiency and the specific consumption have been calculated for all four above-mentioned regimes and for all fuel blends. Two accelerometers have been installed on the engine’s support to register radial and axial vibrations allowing the assessment of engine stability.

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Performances and Emissions Evaluation of a Microturbojet Engine Running on Biodiesel Blends

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Lab Scale Investigation of Gaseous Emissions, Performance and Stability of an Aviation Turbo-Engine While Running on Biodiesel Based Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Experimental Transient Process Analysis of Micro-Turbojet Aviation Engines: Comparing the Effects of Diesel and Kerosene Fuels at Different Ambient Temperatures

An Experimental Investigation to Use the Biodiesel Resulting from Recycled Sunflower Oil, and Sunflower Oil with Palm Oil as Fuels for Aviation Turbo-Engines

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