PerfSim: A Performance Simulator for Cloud Native Microservice Chains

Abstract

Cloud native computing paradigm allows microservice-based applications to take advantage of cloud infrastructure in a scalable, reusable, and interoperable way. However, in a cloud native system, the vast number of configuration parameters and highly granular resource allocation policies can significantly impact the performance and deployment cost. For understanding and analyzing these implications in an easy, quick, and cost-effective way, we present PerfSim, a discrete-event simulator for approximating and predicting the performance of cloud native service chains in user-defined scenarios. To this end, we proposed a systematic approach for modeling the performance of microservices endpoint functions by collecting and analyzing their performance and network traces. With a combination of the extracted models and user-defined scenarios, PerfSim can then simulate the performance behavior of all services over a given period and provide an approximation for system KPIs, such as requests' average response time. Using the processing power of a single laptop, we evaluated both simulation accuracy and speed of PerfSim in 104 prevalent scenarios and compared the simulation results with the identical deployment in a real Kubernetes cluster. We achieved ∼81-99% simulation accuracy in approximating the average response time of incoming requests and ∼16-1200 times speed-up factor for the simulation.

End-to-End Emulation of LoRaWAN Architecture and Infrastructure in Complex Smart City Scenarios Exploiting Containers

“…This means that the considered scenarios are symmetric from the data-per-node point of view. All the experiments reported in this work refer, without loss of generality, to the emulation of a full LoRaWAN architecture operating for 15 min with a variable number of end nodes N ∈ [1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512].…”