Perfusion and cyclic compression of mesenchymal cell-loaded and clinically applicable osteochondral grafts

Abstract

Osteochondral lesions are often seen in orthopedics, but the available treatment strategies are limited in success. Regenerative medicine provides novel concepts for curing them. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of perfusion and cyclic compression on cell differentiation and mechanical properties using a custom-made biomechanoreactor in a recently established system of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) cultured in a 3-D collagen I-bone hybrid matrix out of commercially available and separately in human-certified products. Seeded hBMSC were viable for 88 +/- 8.9% during the entire experimental period in the constructs. GAG and DNA levels did not change. Perfusion induced collagen II and cyclic compression increased collagen X expression. Matrix stiffness was significantly increased after 28 days of cyclic compression. Cyclic compression of cell-loaded hybrid constructs enhanced chondrocyte differentiation and matrix stiffness. This system is a promising tool with a view to a later clinical application.

The Interplay between Chondrocyte Redifferentiation Pellet Size and Oxygen Concentration

“…7B). Typically, osteochondral tissues have been made from single cell suspensions seeded into gels or onto solid scaffolds [45], [46], [47], [48], although a recent study used spheroids of rabbit MSCs differentiated into osteoblasts and chondrocytes, which were subsequently assembled into a zonal tissue [49]. In this study, the spheroids were manufactured by manually dispensing cells in collagen droplets.…”

Musculoskeletal mechanobiology: Interpretation by external force and engineered substratum

“…They examined the effects of cyclic compression on differentiation and material properties of bone marrow stromal cell-seeded matrices. Cyclic compression was observed to increase collagen X expression, enhance chondrocyte differentiation, and matrix stiffness was noted to be significantly increased after cyclic compression was applied for 28 days (Haasper et al, 2009).…”

Enhanced migration of human bone marrow stromal cells in modified collagen hydrogels

“…Isolation and cultivation were performed according to a modified protocol as previously described [10]. For each cell passage, the complete medium was removed, the cell culture was washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and was overlaid with 8 ml trypsin/ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (0.25 %/0.02 %).…”

“…Collagen hydrogels have structural similarities to the extracellular matrix [8]. If compressed in an axial direction, hydrogels show a parallel arrangement of the structures, which suggests that migration of the cells could be hampered if cells seek to migrate into the scaffold from the base of the defect [9,10].…”