Peripheral blood and bone marrow responses under stress of cypermethrin in albino rats

Abstract

Pyrethroids, commercially available pesticides, are greatly in use these days, and thus they carry considerable chances of contaminating various ecosystems. Haematotoxicity of cypermethrin, a broadly used type II pyrethroid, has been assessed in the present study. Selected parameters included determination of total RBC count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb conc.), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count (DLC), along with qualitative analysis of blood and bone marrow. Of these parameters, those showing significant decline following cypermethrin intoxication included total RBC count, Hb conc., PCV, MCV, MCH, whereas non-significant decrease was observed in the case of MCHC. ESR, TLC and DLC, on the other hand, increased significantly following cypermethrin intoxication. Qualitative changes included altered red cell morphology such as microcystosis, appearance of stomatocytes, poikilocytosis, giant platelet formation, etc. in peripheral blood and increased erythroid precursors in bone marrow of treated rats. These parameters were however normalised following twenty-two days of recovery phase.

Exposure to Pyrethroid Insecticides Initiates Time-course Hematotoxicity that may be ameliorated with Prophylactic Combined Vitamin C and E Therapy

“…These findings supported the results of Pande et al (2014) and Dar & Kaur (2014) who detected a significant decrease in the total RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, PCV, MCV, and MCH, while TLC and DLCs were significantly increased on cutaneous exposure of cypermethrin, a type II synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Thereafter, Narra (2016) reported that pyrethroid exposure causes dwindling of blood respiratory burst activity, RBCs count, hematocrit value and hemoglobin concentration with elevated white blood cell count, lipid peroxidation levels and reduction of glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity Also, Aroonvilairat et al, (2018) observed significant changes in various biological parameters including hematotoxicity that was manifested as increased leukocyte counts and percent neutrophil, with decreased RBC count.…”

Multiple giant cell formation – A consequence of type II pyrethroid intoxication

“…Pyrethroids are considered comparatively safe pesticides and therefore many new synthetic analogues have been added to the market. Contrary to their broad spectrum of use due to their low photostability and non-target toxicity, they can disturb various ecological balances existing on this planet (Rana et al ., 2008; Bhushan et al ., 2013; Pande et al ., 2014, Saxena & Gaur, 2016; Saxena & Bhushan, 2017). We have therefore evaluated and compared hepatocytic toxicity of two broadly used types pyrethroid pesticides, i.e.…”