Peripheral venous congestion causes inflammation, neurohormonal, and endothelial cell activation

Colombo, P.C.; Onat, Duygu; Harxhi, Ante; Demmer, Ryan T.; Hayashi, Yacki; Jelić, Sanja; LeJemtel, Thierry H.; Bucciarelli, Loredana; Kebschull, Moritz; Papapanou, Panos N.; Uriel, Nir; Schmidt, Ann Marie; Sabbah, Hani N.; Jorde, Ulrich P.

doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht456

Cited by 133 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Therefore, it is likely that within the chronically inflamed epipharyngeal architecture, blood vessels lose their flow, forming intricate venous plexus. The resulting dysfunction of endothelial cells lining congested vessels might promote the production of inflammatory cytokines [12]. Moreover, various endothelial inflammatory mediators, such as prostanoids, histamine or nitric oxide, have all been shown to affect lymphatic drainage [13].…”

Section: Putative Mechanisms Of Eatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Mechanisms Underlying Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) with ZnCl2 Solution for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases and Functional Somatic Syndrome

Hasegawa¹,

Inoue²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2017

J Antivir Antiretrovir

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Chronic epipharyngitis is a common latent but serious condition that may contribute to a wide range of diseases in humans, including collagen diseases, glomerulonephritis and autonomic nervous disorders. In a previous study, we presented a putative causal role of chronic epipharyngitis in the development of functional somatic symptoms and syndromes following human papillomavirus vaccination by demonstrating a significant improvement in symptoms following abrasive therapy using ZnCl 2 on the epipharynx. Since this initial study, we have expanded our clinical experience, providing epipharyngeal abrasive therapy to 988 patients with confirmed chronic epipharyngitis associated with a wide variety of clinical symptoms. These symptoms could be classified into three broad categories, namely local inflammation-referred, autoimmune-related, and neuroendocrine symptoms. Symptom alleviation was achieved in the majority of patients with repeated epipharyngeal abrasive therapy.Through an in-depth review of the literature on epipharyngeal abrasive therapy, combined with our clinical experience, we propose three mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of epipharyngeal abrasive therapy: the astringent anti-inflammatory effect of ZnCl 2 , a blood-letting effect that promotes removal of epipharyngeal activated lymphocytes and drainage of excess inflammatory fluids containing various antigens, cytokines or noxious substances, and a neuromodulation effect achieved through stimulation of the vagus nerve. These effects can be explained within the context of current understanding of immunology, lymphology and neuroscience.Our hypothesis-driven review provides a theoretical basis for the observed therapeutic effects of epipharyngeal abrasive therapy in ameliorating various diseases, including functional somatic symptoms and syndromes following human papillomavirus vaccination.

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Section: Putative Mechanisms Of Eatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible Mechanisms Underlying Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) with ZnCl2 Solution for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases and Functional Somatic Syndrome

Hasegawa¹,

Inoue²,

Tanaka³

et al. 2017

J Antivir Antiretrovir

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In vitro evidence indicates that the endothelium may become activated and turn into a primary source of pro-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, and pro-thrombotic mediators in response to biomechanical stress [1][2][3]. Endothelial cell activation is involved in various pathogenesis of various diseases, such as heart failure and renal failure [4][5][6].…”

Section: Expression Changes Of Long Noncoding Rna In the Process Of Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Colombo PC developed an experimental model of acute, peripheral venous congestion in healthy human subjects and found endothelial cells were activated [3]. With microarray technology, they investigated gene expression of endothelial cells before and after venous congestion.…”

Section: Expression Changes Of Long Noncoding Rna In the Process Of Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Changes of Long Noncoding RNA in the Process of Endothelial Cell Activation

Zhou

Ding

Chen

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: Endothelial cells have been shown to be in response to a variety of local and systemic stimuli, and are able to transition between quiescent and activated states. Endothelial cell activation is critical for the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. However, the expression changes of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are still unknown in the process of endothelial cell activation. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate expression changes of lncRNA before and after endothelial cell activation. Materials and Methods: In an experimental model of peripheral venous congestion, endothelial cells were activated and analyzed with Affymetrix HG-U133 plus2.0 microarray. We analyzed these microarray data and reannotated the microarray probes for lncRNA. Results: According to the definition of absolute fold change>2 and p value <0.05, 27 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified and only 1 lncRNA transcript, ENST00000509256 was down-regualted. Co-expression network of lncRNA and mRNA were constructed to predict function of the dysregulated lncRNA. Gene set enrichment analyses suggested that these ENST00000509256 was associated with many important functions, such as cell-cell signaling and regulation of cell differentiation. Conclusion: Many lncRNAs are dysregulated upon endothelial cell activation and further experiments are needed to identify the potential biological functions of these lncRNAs.

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“…It also prevents dilution of activated clotting factors, retards the inflow of clotting factor inhibitors and permits the buildup of thrombi, thereby promoting endothelial cell activation, resulting in local thrombosis and leukocyte adhesion. A recent study has shown that there is a significant increase in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and Angiotensin II (ATII) in acute peripheral venous congestion [35]. The endothelial-lined bicuspid valves in the venous system are also exposed to disturbed blood flow and reduced shear stress during the normal valve cycle [36].…”

Section: Is the Management Of Stasis Standing Still?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Ilio-Femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Hybrid Approach

Bhamidipaty¹

2014

J Vasc Med Surg

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Despite recent innovations in clot lysis technology, management of acute ilio-femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) remains a challenge worldwide. We revisit the work of a previous generation of vascular surgeons who created a temporary Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) in combination with a surgical thrombectomy, to maximize blood flow through the newly revascularized vessel. Since this time, surgical thrombectomy along with the use of a temporary AVF, has been superseded by endovascular techniques: namely Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis (CDT) and Pharmacomechanical Thrombolysis (PMCT). We review the evolution of the management of ilio-femoral deep vein thrombosis, specifically examining the trials which investigate temporary AVF with surgical thrombectomy. Furthermore, we describe the surgical technique of creating a temporary AVF, including how to avoid venous hypertension and how to facilitate closure if required. Finally, in the age of hybrid techniques, we propose that a temporary AVF could be used in combination with current thrombus removal techniques to possibly lower the risk of recurrent thrombosis and complications such as post-thrombotic syndrome.

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Peripheral venous congestion causes inflammation, neurohormonal, and endothelial cell activation

Abstract: Peripheral venous congestion causes release of inflammatory mediators, neurohormones, and activation of ECs. Overall, venous congestion mimicked, notable aspects of the phenotype typical of advanced and of acute HF and RF.

Cited by 133 publications

References 42 publications

Possible Mechanisms Underlying Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) with ZnCl2 Solution for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases and Functional Somatic Syndrome

Possible Mechanisms Underlying Epipharyngeal Abrasive Therapy (EAT) with ZnCl2 Solution for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases and Functional Somatic Syndrome

Expression Changes of Long Noncoding RNA in the Process of Endothelial Cell Activation

Management of Ilio-Femoral Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Hybrid Approach

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