Periphyton Response Analysis to the Pollution in Seagrass Ecosystem Panjang Island, Banten

Abstract

Increases in coastal pollutants, largely due to human activity on land, have an impact on seagrass ecosystems. The high sedimentation in the waters causes an increase in the concentration of sludge, organic matter, nutrients, and turbidity which reduce the depth that can be reached by sunlight. The condition affects seagrass ecosystems adversely. Changes in water condition can be illustrated by the presence of water organisms. One dominant organism in seagrass ecosystems is periphyton. The existence of periphyton in the waters is determined by physical and chemical conditions of the waters because it has specific limit of tolerance, which causes different community structure. To analyze periphyton response to the changes of environmental quality in seagrass ecosystems, Shannon Winner diversity and Saprobic Indices were measured at Panjang Island, Banten. The results of water quality assessment indicates the status of aquatic seagrass of the island considered as polluted to heavy polluted. It is observed from some physico-chemical parameters that exceeded the standard quality for the life of seagrass ecosystems and marine life. Based on the classification and saprobic coefficient using periphyton biological parameters, the condition of seagrass land ecosystem in the island is classified into β Mesosaprobic to β/α Mesosaprobic phase, which indicates light to medium pollution with pollutants including organic and inorganic materials. Several types of dominant periphyton were discovered during the observations, including Meridion sp, Navicula sp, Nitzschia sp and Synedra sp. This periphyton species belong to Bacillariophyceae class (Family Chrysophyta) that is commonly used to assess the condition of eutrophication and organic pollution on waters.

Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg) Contained in Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia

“…Increases in coastal pollutants, largely due to human activity on land, have an impact on seagrass ecosystems, and affect water quality such as increased turbidity. It is estimated that 60% of the seagrass beds have been destroyed which has an impact on the cover and density of seagrass species on Pulau Panjang in Banten City (Sugianti et al, 2018).…”

Biodiversity of epiphytic periphyton in the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo Estuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Coastal and marine areas play a crucial role in Indonesia as the primary provider of natural resources and environmental services (Sugianti et al 2018). They also host the immeasurable biodiversity of marine life.…”

“…Periphytons living on the seagrass leaves are the source of autochthonous energy in the water and support the primary producer of the seagrass bed. Furthermore, periphytons can be used as a bio-indicator of water quality (Khan and Firuza et al 2012) and environmental changes (Sugianti et al 2018). However, Indonesia's periphyton abundance and diversity study were limited to Bangka Belitung (Rosalina et al 2018a(Rosalina et al , 2018b(Rosalina et al , 2019a(Rosalina et al , 2019b.…”