Peritonitis due to vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Sanyal, Debasish; Johnson, A. P.; George, R.C.; Cookson, Barry; Williams, Alan J.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)93375-j

Cited by 62 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Aminoglycoside resistance was also observed in the clinical isolates with a frequency of 31-32%. Although resistance of S. epidermidis to vancomycin was not observed in this particular study, it has been reported elsewhere (Sanyal et al 1991;Nunes et al 2002Nunes et al , 2006Nunes et al , 2007. The glycopeptide antibiotics vancomycin and teicoplanin are normally reserved for use against multi-resistant staphylococci; however, due to increasing reliance on these agents, there are reports of reduced susceptibility of both enterococci and staphylococci to glycopeptides.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 52%

Staphylococcus epidermidis device-related infections: pathogenesis and clinical management

McCann

Gilmore

Gorman

2008

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus epidermidis, the most frequently isolated coagulase‐negative staphylococcus, is the leading cause of infection related to implanted medical devices (IMDs). This is directly related to its capability to establish multilayered, highly structured biofilms on artificial surfaces. At present, conventional systemic therapies using standard antimicrobial agents represent the main strategy to treat and prevent medical device‐associated infections. However, device‐related infections are notoriously difficult to treat and bacteria within biofilm communities on the surface of IMDs frequently outlive treatment, and removal of the medical device is often required for successful therapy. Importantly, major advances in this research area have been made, leading to a greater understanding of the complexities of biofilm formation of S. epidermidis and resulting in significant developments in the treatment and prevention of infections related to this member of the coagulase‐negative group of staphylococci. This review will examine the pathogenesis of the clinically significant S. epidermidis and provide an overview of the conventional and emerging antibiofilm approaches in the management of medical device‐associated infections related to this important nosocomial pathogen.

show abstract

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 52%

Staphylococcus epidermidis device-related infections: pathogenesis and clinical management

McCann

Gilmore

Gorman

2008

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the cases reported to date, the infections were successfully treated by the addition of rifampin to vancomycin in one case (59) and by changes in therapy to rifampin and fusidic acid in one case (3) and to erythromycin in another (57).…”

Section: Treatment Options For Coagulase-negative Staphylococci With mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the first report of a clinically significant isolate was in 1987 (59). Since that time, there have been at least five other case reports of clinically relevant coagulase-negative staphylococci that had diminished susceptibility to vancomycin (3,20,38,57,78).…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Vancomycin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a few case reports of intermediate susceptibility (26,38,57), almost all S. epidermidis isolates, which represent 60 to 90% of clinical isolates (47), remain sensitive to vancomycin. This relatively uniform susceptibility has been demonstrated in the in vitro prevalence studies in Table 2, in which only one group reported S. epidermidis isolates with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin (40).…”

Section: Species Variation In Vancomycin Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococci

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vancomycin resistance has been reported in clinical isolates of both coagulase-negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The emerging threat of widespread vancomycin resistance poses a serious public health concern given the fact that vancomycin has long been the preferred treatment of antibiotic-resistant gram-positive organisms. Though major efforts are now being focused on improving our understanding of vancomycin resistance, there is much that remains unknown at this time. This article reviews the major epidemiologic, microbiologic, and clinical characteristics of vancomycin resistance in both coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus. The review begins with a discussion of issues common to both coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus, such as definitions, laboratory detection of vancomycin resistance, and infection control issues related to vancomycin-resistant staphylococci. The rest of the article is then devoted to a discussion of issues unique to each organism, including epidemiology, risk factors for infection, mechanisms of resistance, and management options

show abstract

“…These infections are often difficult to treat, due to the reduced bactericidal activity of antibiotics within a biofilm and an increase in antibiotic resistance among clinical isolates (7,8,20,27). S. epidermidis with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin has been reported (32,33). The difficulty of treating these infections places ever more importance on the development of a vaccine capable of preventing infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Immunogenic and Serum Binding Proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal of human skin and a leading cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections. Limited information is available about S. epidermidis proteins that are expressed upon transition to the bloodstream or those involved in host-pathogen interactions. A cell surface fraction from S. epidermidis 0-47 grown in rabbit serum to mimic environmental signals encountered during a bloodstream infection was separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. Following 2D separation, the proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose and detected with either pooled sera generated in rabbits immunized with live S. epidermidis 0-47 or with biotin-labeled serum proteins eluted from the surface of bacteria grown in rabbit serum. Twenty-nine immunoreactive or serum binding proteins of S. epidermidis were identified by mass spectrometry. Twenty-seven of the corresponding genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant proteins were used to immunize mice. In a preliminary screen, 12 of the 27 recombinant proteins induced a response that reduced the number of bacteria recovered from the spleen or bloodstream of infected mice. In subsequent vaccination studies, 5 of the 12 proteins resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the number of bacteria. The identification of five candidate vaccine antigens from the initial screen of only 29 proteins demonstrates the utility of this approach.

show abstract

Peritonitis due to vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis

Cited by 62 publications

References 8 publications

Staphylococcus epidermidis device-related infections: pathogenesis and clinical management

Staphylococcus epidermidis device-related infections: pathogenesis and clinical management

Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococci

Identification of Immunogenic and Serum Binding Proteins of Staphylococcus epidermidis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About