Permasalahan dan Dampak dari Implementasi Sistem Pemilu Proporsional Terbuka terhadap Sistem Politik

Abstract

The holding of elections is a form the implementation of democratic values ​​in which the freedom of expression from citizens for the fulfillment of rights based on the principle for being free to choose and be elected. In its implementation, elections are related to legal aspects and will always experience legal dynamics in the context of each stage of its implementation. The dynamics of the law occur when the implementation of the election is in line with the changing of the legislation governing the implementation of the election which has been regulated periodically for its implementation. Then the enactment of Law Number 7 of 2017 on the Implementation of Elections by the House of Representative with the approval of the President. Stipulation of Law Number 7 of 2017 on the Implementation of Elections shows that there is a legal construction related to the handling of violations and disputes. The violations consist of election crimes, election administration violations, and violations of the code of ethics for election administrators. Then these problems have an impact on its implementation, one of which is in the spotlight is the application of the open proportional electoral system as regulated in Law Number 7 of 2017 on the Open Proportional Election System. The problems in the implementation of this electoral system have an impact on the political system, political parties, and government stability, which then leads to the vulnerability of money politics practices and then causes systematic chaos that disrupts the growth of democracy.

Pancasila Democracy and the Implementation of an Open Proportional Electoral System

“…In the 1999 general election, Indonesia employed a closed proportional system, commonly known as the coblos gambar partai, wherein the list of legislative candidates was disclosed at the polling station (TPS). The system evolved in 2004 to a semi-open proportional system, distinguished as semi-open because the determination of party representation in acquiring seats in parliament was not solely based on the most votes but still relied on serial numbers (Sulaiman and Rohaniah 2023;Makarim and Fahmi 2022;Riwanto 2015). By 2009, it transitioned to an open-list proportional election following a juridical review by the Constitutional Court.…”

Mewujudkan Pemilu Adil dan Bermartabat: Suatu Tinjauan Sistem Hukum Lawrence M. Friedman

“…Maka hal tersebut kemudian menandakan jika kedaulatan rakyat sebagai salah satu aspek penting dalam terwujudnya demokrasi. Kedaulatan rakyat tersebut tercerminkan dalam penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum yang juga merupakan ajang kompetisi yang paling adil bagi partai politik sebagai dedikasi dan pengabdiannya kepada rakyat yang telah memilihnya dengan menjalakan fungsi dan tanggung jawabnya secara baik (Makarim & Fahmi, 2022).…”

Dinamika Kebijakan Keterwakilan Perempuan Pasca Reformasi Di Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia (DPR-RI)

“…Dasar hukum sistem proposional terbuka adalah Undang-Undang No 8 Tahun 2012 tentang pemilihan umum, pasal 5 ayat 1 menjelaskan pemilihan umum anggota legislatif tingkat pusat (DPR) dan daerah (DPRD Provinsi/Kota/Kabupaten) melalui sistem proposional terbuka (Abd. Halim, 2015). Sistem pemilu proposional daftar terbuka lebih cocok meningkatkan keterwakilan di parlemen karena persaingan untuk mendapatkan kursi wakil rakyat sangat kompetitif.…”