Perosomus elumbis in a pig

Perosomus Elumbis in a Puppy

“…An affected thoroughbred foal was aborted (Gerhauser et al, 2010). Perosomus elumbis can affect only one animal of a litter, as described in piglets (Jones, 1999;Castro et al, 2003;Avedillo and Cam on, 2007). The littermate of the puppy reported here was normal.…”

“…Hindlimb hypoplasia and arthrogryposis, characterized by ankylotic joints and muscular atrophy due to lack of innervation, is also a feature. Visceral abnormalities may also be present, such as atresia ani, cryptorchidism, unilateral renal agenesis, renal cysts, intestinal anomalies, urogenital tract defects, reduced numbers of ribs and diaphragmatic and perineal hernias (Dennis, 1975;Noden and de Lahunta, 1990;Bezek et al, 1994;Jones, 1999;Castro et al, 2003;Avedillo and Cam on, 2007;Lee et al, 2007;Son et al, 2008;Gerhauser et al, 2010). The condition has been reported in man (Harlow et al, 1995;Bohring et al, 1999), cattle (Noden andde Lahunta, 1990;Bezek et al, 1994;Jones, 1999;Castro et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2007;Son et al, 2008), pigs (Avedillo and Cam on, 2007), sheep (Dennis, 1975), a horse (Gerhauser et al, 2010) and dogs (Jubb and Huxtable, 1993).…”

“…migration of the neural tube during the budding stage of the tail, accompanied by partial agenesis of the spinal cord (Jones, 1999;Castro et al, 2003;Son et al, 2008;Gerhauser et al, 2010). It is believed that the condition may be caused by chromosomal mutation in the homeobox genes (Castro et al, 2003;Avedillo and Cam on, 2007;Lee et al, 2007;Gerhauser et al, 2010). Mutations that lead to the abnormal expression of the products of these genes and/or alterations in their regulators (e.g.…”

“…Mutations that lead to the abnormal expression of the products of these genes and/or alterations in their regulators (e.g. endogenous retinoic acid) are implicated in sacral agenesis in man and it is logical to presume they might also be involved in perosomus elumbis (Avedillo and Cam on, 2007). Perosomus elumbis differs from spina bifida, as in the latter the structures develop with abnormal shape, but are not absent (Lee et al, 2007).…”

Veterinary Dysmorphology

“…Holoprosencephaly in its different degrees is a monotopic field, such as semilobar holoprosencephaly in Morgan horses (Kock et al, 2005), and may be associated with otocephaly, as reported by Martínez et al, (2006) in a Rottweiler dog. Lumbosacral agenesis in its different degrees is a polytopic field defect and has been described in a number of domestic species, such as sheep (Denis, 1975), cattle (Jones, 1999;Son et al, 2008), pigs (Avedillo & Camón, 2007) and dogs (Araújo et al, 2008).…”