Perovskite Quantum Dot Solar Cells: Current Status and Future Outlook

Abstract

Metal halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) not only share the common feature of quantum confinement effect found in traditional quantum dots but also exhibit favorable characteristics of perovskite materials, including defect tolerance and long exciton lifetime. Thanks to these merits, within ten years of research and development, perovskite quantum dot-based solar cells (PQDSCs) have attained a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.1%, which is, however, still far below those of the market-dominant silicon solar cells and the bulk thin-film perovskite counterparts. In this Focus Review, we analyze the state-of-the-art in the development of PQDSCs and propose innovative strategies in surface management, compositional control, and band-alignment design. The potential of utilizing PQDs' multiple exciton generation feature is further discussed with the good hope of improving the PCE beyond the Shockley−Queisser limit.

Advancements in Photovoltaic Cell Materials: Silicon, Organic, and Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Perovskites can also be tailored at the molecular level to optimize light absorption, a crucial aspect in enhancing solar cell efficiency. When used in tandem solar cell architectures, layering them with silicon or other photovoltaic materials, they have the potential to exceed the efficiency limits of single-junction solar cells, making them a promising option for next-generation solar technologies [ 151 , 152 , 153 , 154 ].…”

“…Quantum dots can be engineered to create multi-junction solar cells that are capable of absorbing a wider spectrum of sunlight, potentially achieving much higher efficiencies than current single-junction cells. An intriguing application of quantum dots is in “spray-on” solar cells, which could revolutionize solar cell deployment by allowing photovoltaic materials to be applied to various surfaces, including buildings, vehicles, and clothing [ 151 , 156 ]…”

“…Quantum dots can be engineered to create multi-junction solar cells that are capable of absorbing a wider spectrum of sunlight, potentially achieving much higher efficiencies than current single-junction cells. An intriguing application of quantum dots is in "spray-on" solar cells, which could revolutionize solar cell deployment by allowing photovoltaic materials to be applied to various surfaces, including buildings, vehicles, and clothing [151,156] In addition to these new materials, advancements in solar technology include tandem solar cells, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs), and concentrated photovoltaic systems (CPV). Tandem solar cells represent a cutting-edge approach in the field of photovoltaics, aiming to surpass the efficiency limits of single-junction solar cells [157].…”

Perovskite Colloidal Quantum Dots with Tailored Properties: Synthesis Strategies and Photovoltaic Applications

“…Pe-CQDs have semitransparent and flexible characteristics, so they have high utility value in next-generation optoelectronic devices. These promising features originate from their intrinsic colloidal nanosized crystal morphology, enabling light scattering suppression and an annealing-free fabrication process and facile control of film thickness. , Thus, Pe-CQDs can be facilely deposited as a functional thin film on flexible substrates compared to bulk counterparts. The first reported flexible Pe-CQDs photovoltaic cells showed high initial PCE of 12.3% and superior mechanical stability than bulk perovskite and chalcogenide QDs .…”

High-efficiency ultra-thin GaAs solar cells based on ITO/Ag/ITO transparent electrodes and photonic crystals

“…However, the limitation of poor absorption of sunlight by thin active layers becomes a critical bottleneck restricting the improvement of their performance. Researchers actively explore various mechanisms for enhancing light absorption to improve the light absorption capabilities of thin film solar cells [6][7][8]. Chen et al proposed a design using periodically patterned top and bottom dielectric nanopyramid arrays in GaAs quantum dot solar cells.…”