Persistence and accumulation of some organic insecticides in Nile water and fish

Al-Makkawy, H.K; Madbouly, Magdy D.

doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(98)00090-1

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is worth noting that no obvious degradation of aqueous solution of CYA in the dark and at room temperature was observed within the 0.1–2.0 mmol L −1 range. This suggests that dark processes such as hydrolysis are negligible in agreement with the literature (15,16).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This suggests that dark processes such as hydrolysis are negligible in agreement with the literature (15,16). Figure 2 gives the typical evolution of the absorption spectrum as a function of irradiation time when an aerated aqueous solution of CYA was exposed to light within the 254-313 nm range.…”

Section: Steady-state Irradiation Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies have reported that such compounds are not easily hydrolyzed and thus they are highly persistent and accumulate in various aquatic compartments such as rivers and lakes (15,16). As shown in Scheme 1, the aerobic metabolism of CYA in water‐sediment systems undergoes the cleavage of the P–O‐methyl and P–O‐aryl bonds together with the oxidation of the P=S to the oxon group and the hydrolysis of the cyano moiety (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction Pathways for the Photodegradation of the Organophosphorus Cyanophos in Aqueous Solutions

Ménager¹,

Pilichowski²,

Sarakha³

2010

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photodegradation in aqueous solutions is an important pathway for many agrochemicals such as pesticides. In the present work, the photochemical transformation of cyanophos (CYA) was investigated in aqueous solutions using UV light within the 254-313 nm range as well as solar light. The study was performed in order to have a deep insight into the mechanistic pathways for the photochemical disappearance of CYA. Upon UV irradiation of an aerated solution of CYA, the degradation quantum yield was found equal to 1.8 x 10(-2). It is independent of the excitation wavelength but varies with oxygen concentration. It increased by a factor of 2 from oxygen-saturated to oxygen-free solution. Photosensitized experiments were performed using acrylamide and hydroquinone as energy acceptor and energy donor substrates, respectively. They show that both singlet and triplet excited states were involved in the photochemical behavior of CYA. The laser flash photolysis experiments clearly showed the involvement of the triplet excited state which was efficiently quenched by molecular oxygen and acrylamide with the rate constants 1.97 x 10(9) and 2.71 x 10(9) mol(-1) L s(-1), respectively. The photoproducts structures were proposed according to the mass spectral data using the LC/MS technique. The analytical study shows that various processes such as hydrolysis, homolytic bond dissociations and Photo-Fries process occur.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Steady-state Irradiation Studiessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reaction Pathways for the Photodegradation of the Organophosphorus Cyanophos in Aqueous Solutions

Ménager¹,

Pilichowski²,

Sarakha³

2010

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…As the characteristic of quick metabolism and elimination from the body, fenpropathrin is thought to be nontoxic to mammals [11]. However, fenpropathrin displays long-lasting effects in the water and can be highly toxic to fish and be accumulated in fish [12]. It has been reported that fenpropathrin and deltamethrin decreased kynurenic acid (KYNA) concentration in rat cortical slices [13], a decreased concentration also be found in the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid of PD patients [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenpropathrin, a Widely Used Pesticide, Causes Dopaminergic Degeneration

et al. 2015

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Fenpropathrin is one of the widely used pyrethroids in agriculture and household and also reported to have neurotoxic effects in rodent models. In our Parkinson’s disease (PD) clinic, there was a unique patient with a history of daily exposure to fenpropathrin for 6 months prior to developing Parkinsonian symptoms progressively. Since whether fenpropathrin is related to any dopaminergic degeneration was unknown, we aimed in this study to evaluate the neurotoxic effects of fenpropathrin on the dopaminergic system and associated mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. In cultured SH-SY5Y cells, fenpropathrin caused cell death, reactive oxygen species generation, Lewy body-associated proteins aggregation, and Lewy body-like intracytoplasmic inclusions formation. In rodent animals, two different injections of fenpropathrin were used for administrations, intraperitoneal (i.p), or stereotaxical (ST). The rats exhibited lower number of pokes 60 days after first i.p injection, while the rats in ST group showed a significant upregulation of apomorphine-evoked rotations 60 days after first injection. Dcreased tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) immunoreactivity, while increased dopamine transporter (DAT) immunoreactivity were observed in rats of either i.p or ST group 60 days after the last exposure to fenpropathrin. However, the number of TH-positive cells in the substantia nigra was more reduced 120 days after the first i.p injection than those of 60 days. Our data demonstrated that exposure to fenpropathrin could mimic the pathologic and pathogenetic features of PD especially in late onset cases. These results imply fenpropathrin as a DA neurotoxin and a possible environmental risk factor for PD.

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“…There are few publications on the residual behaviour of these two pesticides in environmental water and soil samples 3–5. Most of the studies that concern both pirimiphos‐methyl and benalaxyl focus on their stability and degradation on stored plant products such as maize and wheat 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pirimiphos‐methyl and benalaxyl losses in surface runoff from plots cultivated with potatoes

Patakioutas

Karras

Hela

et al. 2002

Pest Management Science

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Losses of pirimiphos-methyl and benalaxyl in runoff water from clay soil plots cultivated with potatoes and of differing soil surface slopes were determined over approximately 120 days (1 October 1999-28 January 2000). The plot slopes were 0, 1, 2.5 and 5%, and soil erosion increased with the slope from 610 to 1760kgha(-1). The runoff of surface water was between 3.1 and 16.6% of the rainfall. Surface runoff was highest for the fifth and seventh runoff events due to rainfall, 51 days and 72 days after the first pesticide application. The maximum concentrations of the two pesticides in runoff occurred in the plots with the greatest slope (5%) during the fifth runoff event, November 21, 1999 reaching 8.4 and 12.3 microg litre(-1) for pirimiphos-methyl and 17.8 and 20.2 microg litre(-1) for benalaxyl in tilled and untilled plots respectively. The cumulative losses of pirimiphos-methyl in surface runoff from tilled and untilled plots with a slope 5% were estimated at only 0.37 and 0.59% of the initial applied active ingredient, respectively, while for plots with a slope 0% the percentages were 0.013 and 0.018%. For benalaxyl the corresponding values from tilled and untilled plots were 1.69 and 1.76% (slope 5%), and 0.062 and 0.085 (slope 0%). Degradation of the pesticides in the topsoil was monitored from October 1999 and May 2000. Cultivation of potatoes decreased the half-life of the two pesticides compared to the untilled fields, for pirimiphos-methyl from 16.7 to 9.2 days and for benalaxyl from 26.7 to 12.6 days. The slope of soil surface and the different sorption capacities for the compounds are the main parameters which influenced the transportation of studied pesticides, pirimiphos-methyl and benalaxyl residues via surface water in soil-water systems.

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Persistence and accumulation of some organic insecticides in Nile water and fish

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Reaction Pathways for the Photodegradation of the Organophosphorus Cyanophos in Aqueous Solutions

Reaction Pathways for the Photodegradation of the Organophosphorus Cyanophos in Aqueous Solutions

Fenpropathrin, a Widely Used Pesticide, Causes Dopaminergic Degeneration

Pirimiphos‐methyl and benalaxyl losses in surface runoff from plots cultivated with potatoes

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