Persistent primitive hypoglossal artery with basilar aneurysm

Unilateral Aplasia versus Bilateral Aplasia of the Vertebral Artery: A Review of Associated Abnormalities

“…Unilaterally, CVBA persisted in 19 of cases (10 on the left and 8 on the right side); there was no data about the side of the PPHA in 1 out of 19 cases [ 33 ]. A persistence of CVBA was as follows: (1) PIA persisted 17 times—8 bilaterally, 5 on the left side, and 4 on the right side [ 14 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 22 – 25 , 28 , 30 – 32 , 34 – 37 ]; (2) PHA persisted 10 times—1 bilaterally, 5 on the left side, 3 on the right side, and 1 without data [ 16 , 21 , 26 , 29 , 33 , 38 – 42 ]; (3) PTA persisted 3 times—1 bilaterally, 1 on the left side (associated with bilateral PPIAs), and 1 on the right side [ 19 , 27 , 43 ].…”

“…Fetal origin of the PCA [ 23 , 43 ] and anastomoses with thyrocervical and/or OA branches [ 22 , 27 ] in two particular cases were found. Enlargement of some dural sinuses and Galen's vein malformation [ 30 ], hypoplasia of bilateral posterior communicating arteries [ 42 ], irregular caliber of ICA [ 14 ], or tortuous course of the PPHA [ 41 ] was found in single cases.…”

A Persistent Primitive Hypoglossal Artery As the Sole Supply to the Brain Associated with a Basilar Bifurcation Aneurysm

“…More specifically in our case, a basilar bifurcation aneurysm was associated with PPHA. To the best of our knowledge, only four cases of basilar bifurcation aneurysm associated with PPHA, two cases of left PPHA and two cases of right PPHA, have been reported in English before (3–5). The first case of basilar bifurcation aneurysm associated with PPHA was a 29-year-old female, presenting of unconsciousness and a series of epileptic fits.…”

“…Moreover, Sakai et al reported two similar cases. The two aneurysms were both completed clipped, and patients got transient left abducens palsy and right oculomotor nerve palsy, respectively (3). Here, we report the first case of a broad-neck basilar bifurcation aneurysm in the setting of a PPHA as the sole supply to the brain.…”

“…The incidence of concomitant intracranial aneurysms and PPHA was about 26% (2), but basilar bifurcation aneurysms were rarely reported. To date, only four cases of PPHA associated with basilar bifurcation aneurysms have been reported in English in the literature (3–5). In this article, we describe the first case of a PPHA as the sole supply to the brain associated with a basilar bifurcation aneurysm, which was successfully clipped under the monitoring of the intraoperative neurophysiology.…”