Person identification with arrhythmic ECG signals using deep convolution neural network

Abstract

Over the past decade, the use of biometrics in security systems and other applications has grown in popularity. ECG signals in particular are attracting increased attention due to their characteristics, which are required for a trustworthy identification system. The majority of ECG-based person identification systems are evaluated without considering the health-state of the individuals. Few person identification systems consider person-by-person health-state annotation. This paper proposes a person identification system considering the health-state annotated ECG signals where each person’s beats overlap among variant arrhythmia classes. This overlapping between the normal class and other arrhythmia classes grants the ability to isolate normal beats in the train set from the Arrhythmic beats in the test set. Therefore, this paper investigates the effect of arrhythmic heartbeats on biometric recognition. An effective lightweight CNN based on depth-wise separable convolution (DWSC) is proposed to enhance the performance of person identification for several common arrhythmia types using the MITBIH dataset. The proposed methodology has been tested on nine arrhythmia types and presents how different types of arrhythmia affect ECG-based biometric systems differently. The experimental results show excellent recognition performance (99.28%) on normal heartbeats and (93.81%) on arrhythmic heartbeats, outperforming other models in terms of mean accuracy.