“…Compared with traditional biometric technique, the finger-vein technique exists some exceptional advantages in application, finger-vein patterns are superior in liveness, anti-counterfeiting and friendliness apart from uniqueness, universality, permanence and measurability. So finger-vein recognition has drawn substantial attention in personal identification [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21].…”