Personality, affect, and behavior in groups.

Abstract

Building from an attraction-selection-attrition framework (Schneider, 1987) and the socialization literature, this study views personality, affect, and behavior as group-level phenomena. Among a sample of 26 work groups, it was found that individual affect was consistent within groups, suggesting that the affective tone of a group is a meaningful construct. Characteristic levels of the personality traits positive affeclivity and negative affectivity within groups were positively associated with the positive and negative affective tones of the groups, respectively. In addition, the affective tone of a group was related to group behaviors. More specifically, the negative affective tone of a group was found to be negatively related to the extent to which the group engaged in prosocial behavior. Absenteeism by group members was negatively correlated with the positive affective tone.Recent developments in the study of affect at work have led to several promising areas of inquiry. In particular, researchers have broadened the scope of hypothesized antecedents and consequences of work-related affect. In terms of antecedents, increasing recognition is being given to the impact of personality traits or dispositions (e.g.,

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