Personality and object relations in patients with affective disorders: idiographic research by means of the repertory grid technique

Böker, Heinz; Hell, Daniel; Budischewski, K.; Eppel, Alan B.; Hartling, Florian; Rinnert, H.; Schmeling, F. von; Will, Herbert; Schoeneich, Frank; Northoff, Georg

doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(99)00161-5

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For instance, a certain mechanism may predominate to such a degree that it becomes pathological [e.g., introjection in the “introjective type” of depressed patients (see Blatt, 1974; Boeker et al, 2000; Taylor and Richardson, 2005)]. Consequently, more mature mechanisms cannot be used.…”

Section: Two Methodological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be achieved by asking the subjects to complete rating scales. For example, visual analog scales (Weinryb et al, 1991a,b) with regard to personal identity or idiographic instruments like the Repertory Grid Test (Boeker et al, 2000) which enables the evaluation of idiosyncratic experiences and views by means of a semi-quantitative measurement, might be applied to let the subjects themselves evaluate their experiences. One might also apply structured interviews with valid and reliable instruments for evaluation of the subjects' relevant psychodynamic features by an experienced investigator.…”

Section: Two Methodological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Essentials of psychoanalytic process and change: how can we investigate the neural effects of psychodynamic psychotherapy in individualized neuro-imaging?

Boeker¹,

Richter²,

Himmighoffen³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The paper focuses on the essentials of psychoanalytic process and change and the question of how the neural correlates and mechanisms of psychodynamic psychotherapy can be investigated. The psychoanalytic approach aims at enabling the patient to “remember, repeat, and work through” concerning explicit memory. Moreover, the relationship between analyst and patient establishes a new affective configuration which enables a reconstruction of the implicit memory. If psychic change can be achieved it corresponds to neuronal transformation. Individualized neuro-imaging requires controlling and measuring of variables that must be defined. Two main methodological problems can be distinguished: the design problem addresses the issue of how to account for functionally related variables in an experimentally independent way. The translation problem raises the question of how to bridge the gaps between different levels of the concepts presupposed in individualized neuro-imaging (e.g., the personal level of the therapist and the client, the neural level of the brain). An overview of individualized paradigms, which have been used until now is given, including Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) and the Maladaptive Interpersonal Patterns Q-Start (MIPQS). The development of a new paradigm that will be used in fMRI experiments, the “Interpersonal Relationship Picture Set” (IRPS), is described. Further perspectives and limitations of this new approach concerning the design and the translation problem are discussed.

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Section: Two Methodological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Two Methodological Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essentials of psychoanalytic process and change: how can we investigate the neural effects of psychodynamic psychotherapy in individualized neuro-imaging?

Boeker¹,

Richter²,

Himmighoffen³

et al. 2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…Prior to DBT, the standardised element Euclidean distance between her self and ideal self was 1.10, indicating low self‐esteem (Böker et al ., ). She saw her ideal self as being similar to a member of staff (0.39), but dissimilar from her dad (1.55).…”

Section: Case Study 1: Sarahmentioning

confidence: 97%

Using repertory grid techniques to measure change following dialectical behaviour therapy with adults with learning disabilities: two case studies

McNair

Woodrow

Hare

2015

Brit J Learn Disabil

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Accessible summary• Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) can be adapted for individuals with learning disabilities. DBT aims to teach people how to control their feelings, communicate with other people, manage distress and be more self-aware.• This article presents the case studies of two adults with learning disabilities who completed DBT and shows how their opinions of themselves and others changed.• The results discussed include overall change in construing, changes in self-esteem and changes in dilemmas they had about themselves before DBT. AbstractBackground: Government strategy indicates that individuals with learning disabilities should have access to adapted psychological therapies. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is recommended for the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD); however, there is little published research regarding whether it can be appropriately adapted for adults with learning disabilities. The research available primarily focuses on measures of behavioural and psychiatric change, with little emphasis on the psychological changes that occur. Materials and Methods: Two case studies are presented that using repertory grid technique, based on personal construct psychology (PCP). Both individuals completed repertory grids prior to, and following, adapted DBT for adults with learning disabilities within a specialist community psychology service in the United Kingdom.Results: The case studies show some of the psychological changes that have occurred within adults with learning disabilities who received adapted DBT within a community psychology service. Changes included altered self-esteem and dilemmas individuals have about themselves. Conclusion:The contrasting case studies demonstrate the complexity and idiosyncrasy of the experiences of individuals with learning disabilities who receive DBT,The Official Journal of the British Institute of Learning Disabilities and discuss how this information can be integrated into clinical practice.

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“…It is based on a semistandardized, operationalized and validated methodology, combining intrasubjective self-appreciation with intersubjective categorial evaluation [68,69,70,71] and thus enabling the nomothetical use of idiographic data by means of different mathematical-statistical procedures. This methodology was developed in the context of the psychology of personal constructs [72, 73]. The psychology of personal constructs [69] follows the assumption that subjective experiences of the self and other persons are actively created or constructed and that therefore certain related psychological characteristics are manifest, which, in turn, determine personal constructs.…”

Section: How Can We Investigate the Neuronal Processes Of Defense Mecmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does Our Brain Constitute Defense Mechanisms? First-Person Neuroscience and Psychoanalysis

Northoff

Bermpohl

Schoeneich

et al. 2007

Psychother Psychosom

100

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Current progress in the cognitive and affective neurosciences is constantly influencing the development of psychoanalytic theory and practice. However, despite the emerging dialogue between neuroscience and psychoanalysis, the neuronal processes underlying psychoanalytic constructs such as defense mechanisms remain unclear. One of the main problems in investigating the psychodynamic-neuronal relationship consists in systematically linking the individual contents of first-person subjective experience to third-person observation of neuronal states. We therefore introduced an appropriate methodological strategy, ‘first-person neuroscience’, which aims at developing methods for systematically linking first- and third-person data. The utility of first-person neuroscience can be demonstrated by the example of the defense mechanism of sensorimotor regression as paradigmatically observed in catatonia. Combined psychodynamic and imaging studies suggest that sensorimotor regression might be associated with dysfunction in the neural network including the orbitofrontal, the medial prefrontal and the premotor cortices. In general sensorimotor regression and other defense mechanisms are psychoanalytic constructs that are hypothesized to be complex emotional-cognitive constellations. In this paper we suggest that specific functional mechanisms which integrate neuronal activity across several brain regions (i.e. neuronal integration) are the physiological substrates of defense mechanisms. We conclude that first-person neuroscience could be an appropriate methodological strategy for opening the door to a better understanding of the neuronal processes of defense mechanisms and their modulation in psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

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Personality and object relations in patients with affective disorders: idiographic research by means of the repertory grid technique

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Essentials of psychoanalytic process and change: how can we investigate the neural effects of psychodynamic psychotherapy in individualized neuro-imaging?

Essentials of psychoanalytic process and change: how can we investigate the neural effects of psychodynamic psychotherapy in individualized neuro-imaging?

Using repertory grid techniques to measure change following dialectical behaviour therapy with adults with learning disabilities: two case studies

How Does Our Brain Constitute Defense Mechanisms? First-Person Neuroscience and Psychoanalysis

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