Personality disorders and depression: Comorbidity

Hirschfeld, Robert M. A.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6394(1999)10:4<142::aid-da2>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 70 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Patients suffering from severe acute axis I disorders requiring in-patient treatment such as major depression, severe anxiety disorders, psychotic states, and current substance dependence were excluded from the study because it has been reported that state effects can bias the reported personality characteristics of patients (Hirschfeld, 1999;Reich, 2007;Zimmerman, 1994). Severity of depressive symptoms was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck & Steer, 1987).…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 88%

Severity of Childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—A Risk Factor for Personality Disorders in Adult Life?

Matthies

Elst²,

Feige³

et al. 2011

Journal of Personality Disorders

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Some evidence points to an increased rate of cluster B and C personality disorders (PDs) in adult ADHD patients. In order to assess axis II disorders comprehensively we used the diagnostic instrument of the WHO. In sixty adult out-patients with ADHD according to DSM-IV criteria PDs were assessed with the International PD Examination (IPDE) and severity of childhood ADHD with the Wender-Utah-Rating Scale (WURS). We found at least one PD in 25% of cases. Cluster C PDs were most common (36.6%) followed by Cluster B (23.3%) and A (8.3%). Avoidant (21.7%) and borderline (18.3%) were the most frequent single PD entities. ADHD patients with PD suffered from significantly more severe childhood ADHD compared to those without co-occurring PD. Applying the IPDE we confirmed a high number of PDs among adult ADHD patients. Our findings point to a higher vulnerability for the development of PDs in patients with severe childhood ADHD.

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 88%

Severity of Childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—A Risk Factor for Personality Disorders in Adult Life?

Matthies

Elst²,

Feige³

et al. 2011

Journal of Personality Disorders

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“…In greater detail, similarly to literature on depressive disorders (Shea et al, 1990; Zimmerman et al, 1991; Peselow et al, 1994; Gabbard, 1995; Corruble et al, 1996; Hirschfeld, 1999; Skodol et al, 1999; Farabaugh et al, 2005; Bagby et al, 2008; Agosti et al, 2009; Gorwood et al, 2010), in the current study participants are characterized by a high presence of traits or full-blown Personality Disorders, probably due to the fact that most of them are adults and have experienced at least three depressive episodes. In more detail, with regard to SWAP PD factors, Cluster C traits are prevalent—similarly to findings in literature (Skodol et al, 1999; Fava et al, 2002)—whereas with regard to Q factors, the high presence of the Dysphoric Q factor is of particular interest.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Similarly to other studies (Blatt et al, 1976; Hirschfeld, 1999; Blatt, 2004, 2008; Luyten and Blatt, 2007; Morey et al, 2010; Mulder et al, 2010), the main goal of the current investigation is to show that depressive disorders are not independent from personality. In particular, results of this study seem to support the hypothesis that a depressive personality configuration—self-criticism particularly—may represent a vulnerability factor that predisposes to experience depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Personality Factors and Depressive Configurations. An Exploratory Study in an Italian Clinical Sample

et al. 2017

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Introduction: This study focuses on the relationship between personality configurations and depressive experiences. More specifically, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between self-criticism and dependency and personality styles or disorders, exploring the association between personality features and depressive symptoms. The two-configurations model of personality developed by Blatt (2004, 2008) is adopted as a reference point in sharing a valid framework and in understanding the results.Methods: Five instruments are administered to 51 participants with a diagnosis of depressive disorder, in accordance with DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000): Self-criticism and dependency dimensions of depression are measured with the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ); self-reported depression is assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II); observer-rated depression is assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS); personality is assessed with the Clinical Diagnostic Interview (CDI) and the Shedler Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200).Results: Only self-criticism, and not dependency, is associated with depressive symptoms. In addition, the SWAP Borderline PD Scale and the Dysphoric: Emotionally dysregulated Q-factor emerge as significant in predicting depression.Conclusions: Findings support the assumption that depressive personality configurations can enhance the vulnerability to developing depression. Theoretical and clinical implications of these results are discussed.

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“…Es ist Hirschfeld [15] zuzustimmen, dass Depressionspsychotherapie über die Persönlichkeit wirkt. Zumindest ermöglicht ein gut ausgearbeitetes Persön-lichkeitsmodell, Pathogenese-und Psychotherapie-Wirkfaktoren besser zu verstehen und sie in der Psychotherapie zu handhaben.…”

Section: Therapeutische Technikenunclassified

“…des Zusammenwirkens von Persönlichkeit und Depression, die nach Hirschfeld[15] Ursache, Folge oder im Intervall miniaturisierte Identität mit dem Krankheitsbild Depression sein kann, ist im deutschen Sprachraum vorwiegend durch die Typus-melancholicus-Forschung bestimmt worden. Obgleich dieses Konzept im angloamerikanischen Raum kaum aufgegriffen wurde, finden sich gute Entsprechungen zu der von vielen Autoren beschriebenen dichotomen Persönlichkeitstypologie bei Depressionen.…”

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Psychodynamische Therapieansätze bei depressiven Störungen Pathogenesemodelle und empirische Grundlagen

Reck

Mundt

2002

Nervenarzt

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Targets for psychodynamic psychotherapy are the core conflictual relational mode and its consequences for mood, social behaviour, and self image. Libido- and conflict-based concepts of the relational mode are increasingly being replaced by the concept of intersubjectivity, which includes also nonconflictual, healthy modes of relations as a basic human mental task. According to recent mother-infant interaction research, the psychotherapeutic effect on the relational mode can be interpreted in terms of procedural learning rather than insight-oriented discourse. The mother-infant paradigm is a particularly suitable research paradigm to elucidate unconscious procedural acquisition of mental representations of dyadic interactional styles. Procedural learning requires a more active corrective style of interacting on the therapist's side, beyond abstinence and control of countertransference. Evaluative studies show that psychodynamic psychotherapy of depression is nearly as effective as cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT).

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Personality disorders and depression: Comorbidity

Cited by 70 publications

References 21 publications

Severity of Childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—A Risk Factor for Personality Disorders in Adult Life?

Severity of Childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder—A Risk Factor for Personality Disorders in Adult Life?

Personality Factors and Depressive Configurations. An Exploratory Study in an Italian Clinical Sample

Psychodynamische Therapieansätze bei depressiven Störungen Pathogenesemodelle und empirische Grundlagen

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