Perspectives on Carbon-Based Catalysts for the Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Electrochemical Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide: A Minireview

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an extremely important chemical used in a range of industry and healthcare fields, including disinfection, bleaching, and water treatment. Electrocatalytic H2O2 production via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e–-ORR) is a promising alternative to the energy-intensive and high-pollution anthraquinone oxidation process. However, developing advanced electrocatalysts with a high H2O2 yield, selectivity, and durability is still challenging because the synthesis of catalysts with precise atomic level structures is very difficult. This paper reviews the research and progress on the preparation of H2O2 by 2e–-ORR from carbon-based materials in recent years, aiming to help design low-cost and high-performance 2e–-ORR catalysts.

Hollow carbon-based materials for electrocatalytic and thermocatalytic CO2 conversion

“…doping, which has long been well-established in the study of carbon materials, provides a feasible modication route to regulate the charge redistribution, CO 2 affinity, and electrical conductivity. [91][92][93][94] Thus far, the most well-established strategy is the introduction of N with high electronegativity (3.04) into the carbon framework (carbon electronegativity: 2.55), and it can change the asymmetric electron spin density and improve the intrinsic activity. [95][96][97] For example, Wu et al synthesized a highefficiency nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube catalyst (NCNT) with the aid of a liquid chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.…”

2023 Pioneers in Energy Research: Shizhang Qiao

“…The fundamental mechanism of the process, rational design of the electrode, and advanced engineering strategies for the enhancement of H 2 O 2 production via a two-electron water oxidation reaction (2e – WOR) are discussed. Peng et al summarized advances and perspectives in H 2 O 2 production with a focus on carbon-based materials. The review includes transition metal decoration, heteroatom doping, and multi-heteroatom co-doping methods of the carbon-based catalysts.…”

Recent Advancement in Piezopolarization Induced Photocatalytic H2O2 Production: Fundamentals, Theoretical Insights, and Future Endeavors

“…However, the industrial scale production to satisfy the growing demand is met by the so-called anthraquinone method. The significant disadvantages of this process include (i) the use of organic solvents, (ii) high energy requirements, and (iii) unwanted side products, which ultimately affect the ecological balance/environmental harmony. ,, Further, noble metal catalyzed (Pd, Pd/Au) H 2 O 2 production by direct combination of H 2 and O 2 is also an alternative but is highly expensive and explosive and needs special attention. , Additionally, the isopropyl alcohol oxidation method requires a huge amount of raw alcohol and suffers separation issues . As a solution, sustainable and environmentally benign photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production is deemed to be the most promising strategy for effective solar to chemical/fuel conversion.…”

“…The significant disadvantages of this process include (i) the use of organic solvents, (ii) high energy requirements, and (iii) unwanted side products, which ultimately affect the ecological balance/environmental harmony. 1,8,9 Further, noble metal catalyzed (Pd, Pd/Au) H 2 O 2 production by direct combination of H 2 and O 2 is also an alternative but is highly expensive and explosive and needs special attention. 1,10 Additionally, the isopropyl alcohol oxidation method requires a huge amount of raw alcohol and suffers separation issues.…”