Perspectives on the ‘Green Revolution’ in South Asia

Farmer, B. H.

doi:10.1017/s0026749x00013627

Cited by 61 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In some states, notably Punjab, agricultural productivity more than doubled as a result of this revolution. Since then, the rate of growth in agricultural productivity has stalled (Farmer 1979(Farmer , 1986. Agriculture continues to be the prime mover of the state's economy supporting 62% of the population and contributing 13% of the state's income as of 2004 -2005.…”

Section: Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A bottom-up approach towards the assessment of ecological footprints and biocapacity

Karuppannan

Sekar

2012

Local Environment

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The concept of ecological footprint (EF) assessment embeds into the broader concept of sustainable development, relating directly to quality of life and maintaining the natural constraints of the global ecosystem. EFs relate to the balance between the Earth's biocapacity and consumption, measured as land equivalence in global hectares per capita. The majority of studies relating to EF assessments have adopted a top-down methodology in order to assess national and regional EFs. Furthermore, these studies are mainly based upon national accounts of input, output and trade; information which is readily available for most countries, and the EFs usually require an assessment of equivalent land area per capita to maintain the current levels of consumption. Since its inception in the mid-1990s, the EF methodology has been refined and has been widely adopted by many countries and governments as a tool to measure biocapacity, or, the consumption of resources. In this paper, we present a bottom-up methodology to measure the EF of a rural region (near Chennai) in southern India. Advantages and limitations of this approach are then discussed through comparisons with regional and national assessments.

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Section: Mobilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A bottom-up approach towards the assessment of ecological footprints and biocapacity

Karuppannan

Sekar

2012

Local Environment

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“…This is especially so in the case of wheat (Farmer, 1986). The productivity of paddy, other cereal, cash and vegetable crops, too, has also increased (FAO production yearbooks, various issues, 1961(FAO production yearbooks, various issues, -1998.…”

Section: Commercial Agriculture In South Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and human costs of commercial agricultural production in South Asia

Wilson

2000

International Journal of Social Economics

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Modern commercial agricultural practices involving chemical inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides have been associated with huge increases in food production never witnessed before, and in the case of cereal production (especially wheat) under Green Revolution technology, recorded spectacular growth. As statistics show, production and productivity have increased. However, the high chemical usage of fertilizers and pesticides used to bring about these spectacular increases in food production are not without problems. A visible parallel correlation between higher productivity, high chemical input use and environmental degradation and human health effects is evident in many countries where commercial agriculture is widespread. In this paper, I discuss the environmental and health effects/costs arising from the high use of chemical inputs to increase production and productivity in South Asia with a field study carried out in Sri Lanka to show the health costs arising from direct exposure to pesticides during pesticide handling and spraying on farms by small-scale farmers.

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“…The great growth in yields and increased agricultural productivity in the second half of the 20th century was obtained as a result of many factors, including the extensive mechanization of operations and use of fertilisers [2,3]. This "green revolution" has heavily shaped agriculture: the introduction of modern varieties of different crops led to higher yields that have helped ease global food shortages, among other benefits, but not all innovations have had purely positive results: some have led to increased pressure on soils and the environment through the extended use of chemicals [3,4]. organisations support innovation across the regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Prompts Agricultural Innovation in Rural Nepal: A Study Using the Example of Macadamia and Walnut Trees as Novel Cash Crops

Barrueto

Merz²,

Köhler

et al. 2018

Agriculture

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Agricultural innovations are important, especially as climatic conditions around the world have been subject to increasing change over the past decades. Through innovation, farmers can adapt to the changing conditions and secure their livelihoods. In Nepal, 75% of the population depends upon agriculture, which is impacted by climate change, migration, and feminisation. In this context, it is important to understand what drives a household to start agricultural innovation to increase its economic benefits and resilience in the face of multiple pressures. We sought a comprehensive understanding of these drivers by investigating the determinants of rural innovation, using macadamia and walnut trees as examples of novel, potentially commercialised cash crops. After conducting an in-depth household survey that divided farmers into those who cultivate nuts and those who do not, we analysed the socio-economic and cultural characteristics of each category using statistical tests and a multiple logistic regression. Our results show that the individual variables of ethnicity, wealth and "years of experience with fruit trees" correlate significantly with nut cultivation. The results of the multiple regression suggest that "years of experience with tree cultivation" and "having an income through fruit trees" most influence nut cultivation. Overall, we conclude that nut cultivation is an accepted and promising cash crop mostly grown by wealthier households, and that, for poor, landless, or female-headed households to benefit, alternative business models and new policies must be explored and developed. We further suggest that this is also true for other nut or other cash crop trees that have gained recent attention in Nepal such as almond, hazelnut, or pecan farming.

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Perspectives on the ‘Green Revolution’ in South Asia

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

A bottom-up approach towards the assessment of ecological footprints and biocapacity

A bottom-up approach towards the assessment of ecological footprints and biocapacity

Environmental and human costs of commercial agricultural production in South Asia

What Prompts Agricultural Innovation in Rural Nepal: A Study Using the Example of Macadamia and Walnut Trees as Novel Cash Crops

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