Pesticide Use Practices in Integrated Pest Management

Zalom, Frank G.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374367-1.00008-2

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Major symptoms such as headaches (30.8%), wheezing (25.8%), dizziness (24.2%) and skin problems (19.2%) were commonly diagnosed in the homesteads, revealing significant pathological problems due to the pesticide-treated crops. Most of these problems result from a lack of knowledge on safe handling, formulation and application of pesticides by farmers, as evidenced by the lack of protective measures (Zalom, 2001). The majority of families (59.2%) observed an environmental change after application of pesticides while 40.8% did not observe any changes in the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide knowledge and safety practices in farm workers from Tubah Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon

2019

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This study aimed to evaluate the safety measures practiced by farmers with use of pesticides in Tubah Sub-Division. The data gathered would be useful for drafting policies related to use of pesticides to reduce its effects on human health and the environment. This survey was carried out in November 2016 in Tubah Sub-Division, Mezam Division of the North West region of Cameroon. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 homesteads of the study area. The results revealed that 94.2% of the farmers were untrained in pesticide safety measures, 30.8% did not observe any safety interval before consuming freshly treated crops and 25.8% did not read instructions on pesticide labels before handling. Fifty five percent of the farmers did not use any protective equipment, 79.2% practiced careless pesticide disposal, 13.3% stored pesticides in stores and 7.5% stored pesticides inside their houses. Eighty percent of the families stored their crops via hanging in the house and smoking the crops, while 10.8% stored their crops in sealed bins. Water washing followed by removing the outer cover was applied as a crop cleaning procedure prior to cooking or consumption. Major symptoms such as headache, wheezing, dizziness and skin problems were observed in the homesteads. Some environmental changes observed after application of pesticides were damage of non-target plants and disappearance of insects. It could be concluded that in Bambili, farmers lacked proper knowledge regarding safe handling and use of pesticides and the adverse effects of improper pesticide use to human health and the environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide knowledge and safety practices in farm workers from Tubah Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon

2019

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“…Host‐plant resistance is an integral part of an IPM strategy (Stout, 2014; Zalom, 2010). It is environmentally friendly and cost effective, as it reduces production costs by reducing the cost of insecticides (Mohankumar & Ramasubramanian, 2014; Womack et al., 2018).…”

Section: Prospects For Success In Breeding For Resistance To Fall Armmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Matova

Kamutando

Magorokosho³

et al. 2020

Crop Science

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Fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith); FAW] invasion has exacerbated maize (Zea mays L.) crop yield losses in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), already threatened by other stresses, especially those that are climate‐change induced. The FAW is difficult to control, manage, or eradicate, because it is polyphagous and trans‐boundary, multiplies fast, has a short life cycle and migrates easily, and lacks the diapause growth phase. In this study, FAW and its impact in Africa was reviewed, as well as past and present control strategies for this pest. Pesticides, cultural practices, natural enemies, host‐plant resistance, integrated pest management (IPM), and plant breeding approaches were examined as possible control strategies. It was concluded that an IPM control strategy, guided by cultural approaches already being used by farmers, and what can be adopted from the Americas, coupled with an insect‐resistance management strategy, is the best option to manage this pest in Africa. These strategies will be strengthened by breeding for multi‐trait host‐plant resistance through stacking of genes for different modes of control of the pest.

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“…Furthermore, there has also been an increasing concern that climate change permits for the increased propagation of crop pests and pathogens and their movement to other previously unsuitable regions (Bebber, Ramotowski, & Gurr, 2013) due to the alteration in the natural environments, which creates new opportunities for evolution (Fisher et al, 2012). The impacts of climate change on the propagation of microfungi, especially that of the mycotoxigenic fungi and the subsequent mycotoxin production, have been previously discussed in depth (Botana & Sainz, 2015;Ksenija, 2018;Medina, Akbar, Baazeem, Rodriguez, & Magan, 2017Paterson & Lima, 2011, 2010.…”

Section: Emerging Challenges In Mycotoxin Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytopathogenic organisms and mycotoxigenic fungi: Why do we control one and neglect the other? A biological control perspective in Malaysia

Yazid

Selamat

Ismail

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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In this review, we present the current information on development and applications of biological control against phytopathogenic organisms as well as mycotoxigenic fungi in Malaysia as part of the integrated pest management (IPM) programs in a collective effort to achieve food security. Although the biological control of phytopathogenic organisms of economically important crops is well established and widely practiced in Malaysia with considerable success, the same cannot be said for mycotoxigenic fungi. This is surprising because the year round hot and humid Malaysian tropical climate is very conducive for the colonization of mycotoxigenic fungi and the potential contamination with mycotoxins. This suggests that less focus has been made on the control of mycotoxigenic species in the genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium in Malaysia, despite the food security and health implications of exposure to the mycotoxins produced by these species. At present, there is limited research in Malaysia related to biological control of the key mycotoxins, especially aflatoxins, Fusarium‐related mycotoxins, and ochratoxin A, in key food and feed chains. The expected threats of climate change, its impacts on both plant physiology and the proliferation of mycotoxigenic fungi, and the contamination of food and feed commodities with mycotoxins, including the discovery of masked mycotoxins, will pose significant new global challenges that will impact on mycotoxin management strategies in food and feed crops worldwide. Future research, especially in Malaysia, should urgently focus on these challenges to develop IPM strategies that include biological control for minimizing mycotoxins in economically important food and feed chains for the benefit of ensuring food safety and food security under climate change scenarios.

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Pesticide Use Practices in Integrated Pest Management

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Pesticide knowledge and safety practices in farm workers from Tubah Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon

Pesticide knowledge and safety practices in farm workers from Tubah Sub-Division, North West Region, Cameroon

Fall‐armyworm invasion, control practices and resistance breeding in Sub‐Saharan Africa

Phytopathogenic organisms and mycotoxigenic fungi: Why do we control one and neglect the other? A biological control perspective in Malaysia

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