Pestiviruses

Kirkland, Peter D.; Potier, Marie‐Frédérique Le; Finlaison, Deborah S.

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch39

Cited by 17 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the CSF virus (CSFV), and is widely distributed around the world. CSFV belongs to the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae [ 1 ]. CSFV has three genotypes (1, 2 and 3) and several subgenotypes (1.1–1.4, 2.1–2.3, and 3.1–3.4) [ 2 , 3 ], although a research group proposed recently a new classification schemes for genotypes and subgenotypes of CSFV [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introduction Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward better control of classical swine fever in wild boars: susceptibility of boar-pig hybrids to a recent Japanese isolate and effectiveness of a bait vaccine

Fukai

Nishi

Yamada

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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We analyzed the pathogenicity of a recent Japanese classical swine fever virus (CSFV) to wild boars via an experimental infection using boar-pig hybrids as an alternative to wild boars. We also investigated the effectiveness of a bait vaccine against the CSFV. Naïve boar-pig hybrids and pigs showed clinical signs such as fever, leucopenia, anorexia and conjunctivitis following the experimental infection. In contrast, the boar-pig hybrids administered the bait vaccine did not show any clinical signs. Our data indicated that boar-pig hybrids and domestic pigs have similar susceptibility to the recent Japanese CSFV. Additionally, the bait vaccine is effective against the CSFV.

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Section: Introduction Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward better control of classical swine fever in wild boars: susceptibility of boar-pig hybrids to a recent Japanese isolate and effectiveness of a bait vaccine

Fukai

Nishi

Yamada

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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“…Although efforts have been made to increase the awareness and vigilance of farmers and veterinary services, surveillance activities are still based on diagnosing CSF from clinical signs of diseased animals 21 , which are difficult to detect with certainty, particularly at the early stage of infection 22 and outside outbreak periods 23 . There is also significant variation in clinical presentation between different CSF strains, and between different animals groups, since clinical signs depend on age, breed and immune status of the infected animal 1 . Given the impact that the duration of the HRP has on the likelihood of severe disease outbreaks, additional efforts to ensure that disease incursions are quickly detected would be worthwhile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been previously reported that this region has a large number of outdoor backyard pig producers together with increasing populations of wild boars 29 . Contacts with the wild boar population (either direct or indirect) are regarded as important determinants in the persistence and spread of swine fevers in Europe 1 . Although it is not clear if the population density in this wild boar population is high enough for disease to persist, this suggests nevertheless that our model, which did not include wild boar, may have underestimated the risk of CSF spread.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Classical swine fever (CSF) is a notifiable, highly contagious viral disease of swine, both domestic and wild, which results in severe animal welfare and economic consequences in affected countries 1 2 . Because of the potential for severe socio-economical costs associated with CSF 3 , efforts have been carried out to control and eradicate CSF in the European Union (EU) with a common strategy implemented by EU legislation (Council Directive 2001/89/EC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the potential for severe socio-economical costs associated with CSF 3 , efforts have been carried out to control and eradicate CSF in the European Union (EU) with a common strategy implemented by EU legislation (Council Directive 2001/89/EC). During the last decade, however, CSF has circulated within wild boar population in different European countries, including several EU Member States, and the Russian Federation, posing an ongoing threat to swine industries in the rest of Europe 1 4 . Although there are regulations in place to reduce the risk of CSF spread within Europe (for example regarding the import of live animals and the feeding of food waste), the risk of CSF incursions still remains.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Vulnerability of the British swine industry to classical swine fever

Porphyre

Correia‐Gomes

Chase-Topping

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is a notifiable, highly contagious viral disease of swine which results in severe welfare and economic consequences in affected countries. To improve preparedness, it is critical to have some understanding of how CSF would spread should it be introduced. Based on the data recorded during the 2000 epidemic of CSF in Great Britain (GB), a spatially explicit, premises-based model was developed to explore the risk of CSF spread in GB. We found that large outbreaks of CSF would be rare and generated from a limited number of areas in GB. Despite the consistently low vulnerability of the British swine industry to large CSF outbreaks, we identified concerns with respect to the role played by the non-commercial sector of the industry. The model further revealed how various epidemiological features may influence the spread of CSF in GB, highlighting the importance of between-farm biosecurity in preventing widespread dissemination of the virus. Knowledge of factors affecting the risk of spread are key components for surveillance planning and resource allocation, and this work provides a valuable stepping stone in guiding policy on CSF surveillance and control in GB.

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Pathology of the outbreak of subgenotype 2.5 classical swine fever virus in northern Vietnam

Izzati

Hoa

Lan

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Classical swine fever (CSF) is an endemic disease in southeastern Asia and is one of the most important swine diseases in Vietnam. This study was conducted to characterize the pathology of natural cases of CSF in northern Vietnam in 2018 and their genetic prevalence. A total of 10 representative pigs were collected from four provinces (Hung Yen, Ha Noi, Quang Ninh and Thai Binh) during five outbreaks and examined pathologically. The gross and histopathological findings showed the disease was expressed as the acute or the subacute to chronic form of CSF, depending on the age of the animals. The most consistently observed lesions associated with infection by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) included lymphoid depletions in tonsils, lymph node and spleen; histiocytic hyperplasia in spleen; cerebral haemorrhage; perivascular cuffing in the brain; renal erythrodiapedesis; urothelial vacuolation and degeneration and interstitial pneumonia. The immunohistochemical findings showed a ubiquitous CSFV antigen mainly in the monocytes/macrophages and in the epithelial and endothelial cells in various organs. CSFV neurotropism was also found in the small neurons of the cerebrum and the ganglia of the myenteric plexus. Analysis of the full‐length envelope protein (E2) genome sequence showed that all strains were genetically clustered into subgenotype 2.5, sharing a nucleotide identity of 94.0%–100.00%. Based on the results of this study, the strain was categorized as a moderately virulent CSFV.

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Pestiviruses

Cited by 17 publications

References 144 publications

Toward better control of classical swine fever in wild boars: susceptibility of boar-pig hybrids to a recent Japanese isolate and effectiveness of a bait vaccine

Toward better control of classical swine fever in wild boars: susceptibility of boar-pig hybrids to a recent Japanese isolate and effectiveness of a bait vaccine

Vulnerability of the British swine industry to classical swine fever

Pathology of the outbreak of subgenotype 2.5 classical swine fever virus in northern Vietnam

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