PETREL19: a new numerical solution of planetary and lunar ephemeris

To incorporate the gravitational influence of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) in planetary ephemerides, uniform-ring models are commonly employed. In this paper, for representing the KBO population residing in Neptune’s 2:3 mean motion resonance (MMR), known as the Plutinos, we introduce a three-arc model by considering their resonant characteristics. Each ‘arc’ refers to a segment of the uniform ring and comprises an appropriate number of point masses. Then the total perturbation of Plutinos is numerically measured by the change in the Sun-Neptune distance (ΔdSN). We conduct a comprehensive investigation to take into account various azimuthal and radial distributions associated with the resonant amplitudes (A) and eccentricities (e) of Plutinos, respectively. The results show that over a 100-year period: (1) at the smallest e = 0.05, the Sun-Neptune distance change ΔdSN caused by Plutinos decreases significantly as A reduces. It can deviate from the value of ΔdSN obtained in the ring model by approximately 100 km; (2) as e increases in the medium range of 0.1-0.2, the difference in ΔdSN between the arc and ring models becomes increasingly significant; (3) at the largest e ≳ 0.25, ΔdSN can approach zero regardless of A, and the arc and ring models exhibit a substantial difference in ΔdSN, reaching up to 170 km. Then the applicability of our three-arc model is further verified by comparing it to the perturbations induced by observed Plutinos on the positions of both Neptune and Saturn. Moreover, the concept of the multiple-arc model, designed for Plutinos, can be easily extended to other MMRs densely populated by small bodies.

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Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System

Pavlov,

Dolgakov

2024

Universe

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Physical properties of the Sun (orientation of rotation axis, oblateness coefficient J2⊙, and change rate of the gravitational parameter μ˙⊙) are determined using a dynamical model describing the motion of the Sun, planets, the Moon, asteroids, and Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). Among the many kinds of observations used to determine the orbits and physical properties of the bodies, the most important for our study are precise interplanetary ranging data: Earth–Mercury ranges from MESSENGER spacecraft and Earth–Mars ranges from Odyssey and MRO. The findings allow us to improve the model of the Sun in modern planetary ephemerides. First, the dynamically determined direction of the Sun’s pole is ≈2° off the visible axis of rotation of the Sun’s surface, which is corroborated by present knowledge of the Sun’s interior. Second, the change rate of the Sun’s gravitational parameter is found to be smaller (in absolute value) than the nominal value derived from the estimate of mass loss through radiation and solar wind. Possible interpretations are discussed.

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PETREL19: a new numerical solution of planetary and lunar ephemeris

Cited by 3 publications

References 99 publications

Revisiting Earth tide parameters used in the development of planetary and lunar ephemeris

Revisiting Earth tide parameters used in the development of planetary and lunar ephemeris

A new multiple-arc model of the resonant Kuiper belt objects – Plutinos

Studying the Properties of Spacetime with an Improved Dynamical Model of the Inner Solar System

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