Petroleum Coke as an Efficient Single Carbon Source for High-Energy and High-Power Lithium-Ion Capacitors

Abstract

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) with the capability of high energy and high power are considered to be attractive for advanced energy storage applications. However, the design and fabrication of suitable electrode materials with desirable properties by a facile approach using cost-effective precursors are still a great challenge. In this work, we have utilized petroleum coke, an unavoidable industrial waste with high carbon content, as a single carbon source to synthesize both a high surface area activated carbon cathode and a low surface area disordered carbon anode. A lithium-ion capacitor fabricated using all-petroleum coke-derived carbon materials exhibits a high energy density of 80 W h/kg and a high power density of 8.4 kW/kg as well as long life span (85% capacity retention after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles at 1 A/g). Systematic characterization analysis demonstrates that unique characteristics of carbon electrode materials including hierarchical pores, high surface area, and graphene-like structured activated carbon contribute synergistically to the outstanding performance of the petroleum coke-based LIC. More importantly, the facile approach adopted in the present study to synthesize both cathode and anode materials from a single source is an effective way for high value-added utilization of petroleum coke at the commercial level.

Comprehensive Chemical Description of Pyrolysis Chars from Low-Density Polyethylene by Thermal Analysis Hyphenated to Different Mass Spectrometric Approaches

“…Moreover, the second thermal treatment under pyrolytic conditions will give a purified highly aromatic carbonaceous material. These char materials are reported in the literature for the usage in material science, such as for batteries, catalyst beds, or water purification applications. , …”

“…These char materials are reported in the literature for the usage in material science, such as for batteries, catalyst beds, or water purification applications. 51,52 Surprisingly, the evolved gas mixture from the thermal analysis of the char exposed a high complexity (Figure S5 of the Supporting Information). This finding was not directly expected, especially considering the pyrolytic waste recycling of pure LDPE feed.…”

“…On the other hand, those compounds need to be considered in terms of human health and ecological toxicology for disposal strategies to the environment. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the residual from the second thermal treatment can be used to produce active carbon materials used in battery research, catalysis science, or water purification. , Future studies will focus on the description of pyrolysis chars generated under different pyrolytic conditions or from other plastic waste types. Particularly, also morphological aspects will be investigated by microscopy, allowing for the development of efficient utilization strategies for these solid waste recycling residues in a circular economy.…”

Comprehensive chemical description of pyrolysis chars from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by thermal analysis hyphenated to different mass spectrometric approaches

“…These char materials are reported in literature for the usage in material science, such as for batteries, catalyst beds or water purification applications. 51,52 Surprisingly, the evolved gas mixture from the thermal analysis of the char exposed a high complexity (Figure S5). This finding was not directly expected, especially considering the pyrolytic waste recycling of pure LDPE feed.…”

The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism

“…As the solid waste by-product of the delayed coking process in the oil industry, petroleum cokes are utilized according to their sulfur-containing which are represented by low-sulfur petroleum coke (<3% S-containing) [ 1 ] and high-sulfur petroleum coke (>3% S-containing) [ 2 ]. Low-sulfur petroleum coke (LSPC) has maturely been used as anode raw material for electrolytic aluminum [ 3 ] and graphite electrodes [ 4 ] in steel plants, which accounts for 56.7% and 3.94%, respectively. By contrast, the proportion of fuel in cement plants and power plants using high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC) was just 6.19% [ 5 ].…”