PEV charging coordination to absorb excess wind energy via group differentiated dual-tariff schemes

Optimal charging strategy for electric vehicles using symbolic–graphic combination principle

“…Unlike the adjustable range of the charging rate, that of the charging start time depends on different factors which vary with charging situations. EV charging can be divided into two main types [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In the first type, EVs immediately charge to extend their driving ranges.…”

“…For immediate EV charging, the charging start time is affected by the charging station selection of EV users based on the charging price, travel distance and the possible waiting time [12][13][14][15]. For non-urgent EV charging, the coordinating range of the charging start time is related to the charging rate, the desired energy, the arrival time, the departure time and the charging price (for some charging strategies whose objective is to minimise the charging cost, the charging price can also be considered) [16][17][18][19]. However, no matter the charging situation being confronted, the aims of their coordination are always uniform, e.g.…”

“…Compared with the proposed algorithm in [17], the improved greedy algorithm in [18] does not require complex computation. Liu et al [19] designed a novel two-stage time-of-use tariff to schedule EVs charging to absorb the excess wind energy. Unlike the consensus time-of-use algorithm, the novel algorithm can stagger the cheap-tariff times for different EV groups.…”

New strategies for the massive introduction of electric vehicles in the operation and planning of Smart Power Systems

“…In (Liu et al 2017), a dual-tariff is proposed for PEV charging coordination to absorb the excess wind energy.…”

“…The authors of (Liu et al 2017) have considered a differentiated-dual tariff scheme for PEV charging coordination in order to absorb wind energy. However, this work has only considered EV charging in a wind generation environment.…”