pH-Responsive 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/citraconic anhydride–modified collagen hydrogels as ciprofloxacin carriers for wound dressings

Abstract

pH-Sensitive hydrogels of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/citraconic anhydride–modified collagen were obtained by free radical copolymerization/crosslinking in the presence of ammonium persulfate/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine redox initiator system. Their pH-responsiveness was demonstrated by swelling behavior and ciprofloxacin release tests. Both unloaded and loaded hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, and biocompatibility tests. The enzymatic degradation in the presence of Clostridium histolyticum mainly depends on initiator content. In vivo biocompatibility tests involving intraperitoneal hydrogels’ implantation in rats following the analysis by the granuloma test, leukocyte formula, immune parameters, and hepatic transaminases demonstrated their non-toxicity and biocompatibility with living tissues. The in vitro antimicrobial activity, in vivo biocompatibility, and in vitro biodegradability tests attest the possibility to use these new polymeric hydrogels with tailored properties as matrices for bioactive products in medical and pharmaceutical applications as wound care and targeting drug delivery systems. The ciprofloxacin release studies proved their potential as materials for wound dressings.

Toxicity, Biocompatibility, pH-Responsiveness and Methotrexate Release from PVA/Hyaluronic Acid Cryogels for Psoriasis Therapy

“…The variation of the kinetic parameter values is asociated with the p K a values of the components and their interactions by functional groups, as was demonstrated for other pH-responsive systems [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], and in this case those of MTX and HA.…”

Local Drug Delivery Strategies towards Wound Healing

“…It has a wide range of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungal species, and is highly effective when used in conjunction with silver sulphadiazine [ 56 ]. Povidone iodine is fully hazardous to keratinocytes and fibroblasts at concentrations greater than 0.004 and 0.05%, respectively [ 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. According to in vitro testing, cadexomer iodine is not harmful to fibroblasts at doses up to 0.45%.…”

“…Effective antiseptics for local wounds include polyhexanide and octenidine dihydrochloride. Nitrofuran and natrium fusidate are other antibacterial substances ( Table 1 ) [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 ].…”

New Developments in Medical Applications of Hybrid Hydrogels Containing Natural Polymers

“…Unfortunately, applications of synthetic hydrogels as biomaterials are limited by their absence of bioactivity. The protein-polymer hybrid networks with complex abilities, including bioactivity, stimuli-responsiveness, catalytic activity, or ability to regulate cell behaviors have been/are created to overcome this limitation, maintaining good mechanical properties of materials [42][43][44][45][46]. The term microgel describes a variety of particles that differ substantially in structure, physico-chemical properties, preparation and application and is interchangeably with terms such as nanogel, microsphere and macrogel depending on the numerous particle types falling within the broad sphere of nano-/microparticle shapes and sizes [47][48][49][50].…”