Phage Therapy for Mycobacterium Abscessus and Strategies to Improve Outcomes

Shahraki, Abdolrazagh Hashemi; Mirsaeidi, Mehdi

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9030596

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…Lastly, bioengineered phages cocktails are a promising tool in M. abscessus infections [53] and their use has already being assessed in clinical practice in a study treating 20 cases of NTM infection (mainly M. abscessus ) of which one sternal wound infection and one disseminated cutaneous infection, with clinical cure reached in 11 cases [54 ▪ ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and soft tissue infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria

Sepulcri¹,

Vena

Bassetti

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewThe aim of this article is to review skin and soft tissue infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), with a particular focus on recently published literature (2021–2022).Recent findingsRGM are increasingly reported as a cause of skin and soft tissue infections, both in the community setting and as a cause of nosocomial outbreaks. Recent advances in molecular methods have expanded the number of species of RGM and resulted in increased diagnosis. New treatment options are under evaluation particularly for Mycobacterium abscessus, the most difficult-to-treat among RGM.SummaryRGM are an uncommon cause of skin and soft tissue infections and a high clinical suspicion together with advanced laboratory facilities are required for diagnosis. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are essential to drive appropriate treatment, which combines surgical debridement with prolonged antimycobacterial combination therapy.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin and soft tissue infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria

Sepulcri¹,

Vena

Bassetti

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Bacteriophage therapy is an old therapy which uses lytic bacteriophages against bacteria. Bacteriophages against mycobacterial hosts are known as mycobacteriophages and all characterized mycobacteriophages are phages with double-stranded DNA genome (dsDNA) [ 68 ]. Currently, over 11,000 mycobacteriophages have been isolated, and 2000 of them have been sequenced [ 69 ].…”

Section: Phage Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to Antibiotics against Mycobacterium abscessus

et al. 2022

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Mycobacterium abscessus complex is extremely difficult to treat. Intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance makes this species one of the most challenging pathogens and treatments last from months to years, associated with potential risky antibiotic toxicity and a high number of failures. Nonantibiotic antimicrobial agents against this microorganism have recently been studied so as to offer an alternative to current drugs. This review summarizes recent research on different strategies such as host modulation using stem cells, photodynamic therapy, antibiofilm therapy, phage therapy, nanoparticles, vaccines and antimicrobial peptides against M. abscessus both in vitro and in vivo.

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“…This then raises the question as to whether phages have any therapeutic role to play in treatment of pulmonary NTM infections. Several recent reviews may provide helpful complementary perspectives [6,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage Therapy for Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: Challenges and Opportunities

Hatfull

2022

Pulm Ther

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Non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) infections are often clinically challenging, with lengthy antibiotic regimens that fail to resolve the infections with few good outcomes remaining. Mycobacteriophages-viruses that infect Mycobacterium hosts-show promise as therapeutic agents for NTM infections and have been used in 20 compassionate use cases. Favorable outcomes were observed in many but not all cases, although the phages show exceptional safety profiles and no evidence of phage resistance was observed, even when only a single phage was administered. Phage-specific antibodies are commonly present following intravenous administration and are often neutralizing for the phage in vitro. However, phage neutralization does not consistently correlate with poor treatment outcomes and may not be a therapeutic limitation in all patients, even when immunocompetent. Currently, the therapeutic potential of phages is substantially limited by the great variation in phage susceptibility and a relatively small repertoire of therapeutically useful phages. As many as 45% of clinical isolates can have a smooth colony morphotype, and phages that both efficiently infect and kill these strains have yet to be described. In contrast, * 75% of rough strains are susceptible to and killed by one or more phages and therapeutic options can be considered on a compassionate use basis. Although therapies must currently be personalized, elucidating the determinants of phage host specificity, expanding the useful phage repertoire, and identifying the key determinants of clinical outcomes will reveal their full therapeutic potential.

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Phage Therapy for Mycobacterium Abscessus and Strategies to Improve Outcomes

Cited by 21 publications

References 102 publications

Skin and soft tissue infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria

Skin and soft tissue infections due to rapidly growing mycobacteria

Alternatives to Antibiotics against Mycobacterium abscessus

Phage Therapy for Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: Challenges and Opportunities

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