2017
DOI: 10.1107/s1600577517008402
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Phase-merging enhanced harmonic generation free-electron laser with a normal modulator

Abstract: A phase-merging enhanced harmonic generation free-electron laser (FEL) was proposed to increase the harmonic conversion efficiency of seeded FELs and promote the radiation wavelength towards the X-ray spectral region. However, this requires a specially designed transverse gradient undulator (TGU) as the modulator to couple the transverse and longitudinal phase space of the electron beam. In this paper, the generation of the phase-merging effect is explored using the natural field gradient of a normal planar un… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…57 Moreover, the phase-merging effects of the TGU can also be fulfilled by utilizing a wavefront-tilted seed laser, 59 magnetic dipole, 60 or by using the natural transverse gradient of a normal undulator. 61,62 The requirement for FEL amplification of the beam energy spread makes it impossible to generate hard X-rays via single-stage HGHG or EEHG. There-fore, the multi-stage harmonic generation schemes have been proposed in which an FEL pulse generated by an intermediate radiator is used as the seed laser for the harmonic generation stage via the "fresh bunch" technique.…”
Section: Review Llmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…57 Moreover, the phase-merging effects of the TGU can also be fulfilled by utilizing a wavefront-tilted seed laser, 59 magnetic dipole, 60 or by using the natural transverse gradient of a normal undulator. 61,62 The requirement for FEL amplification of the beam energy spread makes it impossible to generate hard X-rays via single-stage HGHG or EEHG. There-fore, the multi-stage harmonic generation schemes have been proposed in which an FEL pulse generated by an intermediate radiator is used as the seed laser for the harmonic generation stage via the "fresh bunch" technique.…”
Section: Review Llmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 57 Moreover, the phase-merging effects of the TGU can also be fulfilled by utilizing a wavefront-tilted seed laser, 59 magnetic dipole, 60 or by using the natural transverse gradient of a normal undulator. 61 , 62 …”
Section: Principles and Properties Of Xfelsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a normal planar undulator placed as shown in Fig. 8, the undulator field parameter K and the natural vertical gradient y along the y direction can be described as Zhao et al, 2017) KðyÞ…”
Section: Possibility Of Fulfilling This Scheme With the Natural Fieldmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…X-ray Free-Electron Lasers (XFELs) are operating or under construction worldwide [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and are attracting an increasing number of users. As such, we expect that novel and important new applications will be found.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%