Phase stability and electric conductivity of Eu 2 O 3 –Tb 4 O 7 co-doped Bi 2 O 3 electrolyte

Determinants of Poverty

“…Dansuk (1997) dwelled on the qualitative dimension of poverty in Turkey for the period of 1963-1994 examined the fundamental indicator of poverty with respect to income allocation as wellasreviewedthechangeofpovertywithrespecttoconsumptionexpendituresontheregional distribution.Dansukusedthedataonthehouseholdincomeandconsumptionexpenditureresearch of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK); poverty was examined with respect to food and all consumptionexpenditures. Dağdemir(1999) 1984,1987,1990,1993,1996,1999,2002,2005,2008,and2010.Table3showsthedescriptionand sourcesofdatausedintheregression.…”

Stabilities and performance of single cubic phase dysprosium and zirconium co-doped bismuth oxide electrolytes for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells

“…Meng et al 36 reported that a smaller amount of double-dope oxides can remain in the cubic phase at room temperature compared with that of a single dope oxide. Therefore, the effects of co-dopants such as Y–Ln (Ln = Ce, 37 Er, 38 Gd, 39 Nb, 39 Sc 39 and Zr 39 ), Dy–Ln (Ln = W, 40–42 Gd, 43 Ce, 43 Ho 44 and Ta 45 ), Er–Ln (Ln = W, 46 N 5 47 and Co 48 ), Eu 2 O 3 –Tb 4 O 7 , 49 La 2 O 3 –MoO 3 , 50 Gd 2 O 3 –Lu 2 O 3 , 51 Tb 4 O 7 –Gd 2 O 3 , 52 and Pr 2 O 3 –MoO 3 53 have been extensively studied recently. The co-doping of two metal oxides increases the entropies of quaternary systems, facilitating stabilization of δ-Bi 2 O 3 down to room temperature with lower dopant concentrations.…”

Structural, Micro-Structural and Electrical Properties of Rare Earth Doped Bi4V2O11Ceramics

“…The evaluation of atomic, physical and thermal properties of bismuth oxide powder: with an impact of biofied energy treatment was studied by Trivedi et al 6 Ermis et al was studied the phase stability and electrical conductivity of Eu 2 O 3 -Tb 4 O 7 co-doped Bi 2 O 3 electrolyte. 7 Again, Polat et al was also studied the structural, thermal, phase stability and electrical properties of (Bi 2 O 3 ) 1−x−y (Sm 2 O 3 ) x (Yb 2 O 3 ) y where x = 0.1-0.15, y = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 8 (Bi 2 O 3 ) 1−x−y (Sm 2 O 3 ) x (CeO 2 ) y where x = 10, 15, y = 5, 10, 15, 20 9 and (Bi 2 O 3 ) 1−x−y (Gd 2 O 3 ) x (Lu 2 O 3 ) y where x = 0.05, 0.1, y = 0.05,0.1, 0.15, 0.2 10 doubled-doped bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ). The microstructure of the electrical properties of BIMEVOXes and the ME doped materials (Ni, Co, Cu, Zn) are studied using impedance synthesis.…”