Phenol methylation over nanoparticulate CoFe2O4 inverse spinel catalysts: The effect of morphology on catalytic performance

Ballarini, Nicola; Cavani, Fabrizio; Passeri, Sauro; Pesaresi, L.; Lee, Adam F.; Wilson, Karen

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2009.07.003

Cited by 109 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The IR spectroscopic assignment above reported can be confirmed also considering some crystallographic considerations [57]. larger spinel clusters should be based on a (100) terminated structure.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The effect of thermal annealing on bulk characteristics samples were studied as catalysts for phenol gas-phase methylation with methanol in a previous work [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co/Fe/O mixed oxides with the inverse spinel structure were prepared as described in detail elsewhere [57]. Briefly, a coprecipitation of the mixed Co/Fe oxohydrate was carried out by dropping an aqueous solution of Fe (1.0 M) and Co (0.5 M) nitrates to an aqueous solution of NaOH (0.8 M) at 40°C, keeping the pH 11 by NaOH controlled addition.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Cofe 2 O 4 Spinelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

et al. 2012

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A CoFe 2 O 4 inverse spinel calcined at two different temperatures (450°C and 750°C), in order to modulate the growth of the crystallites, has been employed in methanol anaerobic oxidation. A correlation between physico-chemical properties and catalytic performances of the material has been pursued. The study of both surface and bulk properties has been carried out by means of different experimental techniques, among which X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The FTIR study of both bulk and surface spectral features reveals that the calcination step is responsible for the different type of exposed surface sites, and as a consequence, for the different catalytic behaviour. As the use of the spinel as catalyst for methanol transformation into H 2 necessarily implies a regeneration step with steam, in order to recover the oxidative capacity of the solid, both surface and bulk features of the reoxidized solids have been also studied. All results reveal that the two samples, originally morphologically quite different from one another, become very similar after just one redox cycle. Still, it has been also demonstrated that both used materials irreversibly modify their surface properties after the reduction/oxidation process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The effect of thermal annealing on bulk characteristics samples were studied as catalysts for phenol gas-phase methylation with methanol in a previous work [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation and Characterization Of Cofe 2 O 4 Spinelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

et al. 2012

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] Aluminium based spinels constitute an important group of advanced materials with wide variety of technological applications. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Copper(II) aluminate, CuAl 2 O 4 , which is known to be an inverse spinel, contains a d 9 metal ion and possesses interesting catalytic properties. 20,21 CuAl 2 O 4 is formed by solid-solid interaction between CuO and Al 2 O 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Crystalline Copper Oxide Highly Dispersed on Mesoporous Alumina: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in Glycerol Conversion to Acetol

Braga¹,

Essayem²,

Valentini³

2016

Química Nova

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Polymeric precursor method and wet impregnation route were applied to synthesize copper and aluminium-based catalysts in order to obtain a material with interesting properties in catalytic reactions. The changes in the structural, morphological and textural properties due to the choice of preparation method were characterized by different techniques, such as XRD, N 2 physisorption isotherms and SEM. The XRD results of the solids present the formation of γ-Al 2 O 3 or CuO and β-Al(OH) 3 , depending on the preparation method. The average crystallite diameters of the alumina were estimated by the Scherrer's formula with a particle size of 5.2 nm. N 2 physisorption isotherms analysis shows that the alumina is a mesoporous material with a high specific surface area. An excessive increase in surface area was observed after Cu 2+ insertion by wet impregnation from β-Al(OH) 3 support, which is explained by the redissolution and recrystallization of bayerite to γ-Al 2 O 3 during the impregnation of Cu 2+ and recalcination process, respectively. The SEM images confirmed this phenomenon. Catalytic tests explain that the combination of the two methods improves the activity, selectivity and the stability in the conversion of glycerol to acetol. The results indicate that the way of catalyst preparation affects its structural, textural and morphological properties and consequently the catalytic performance.

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“…Among active catalysts in the phenol methylation, materials with spinel structure are very interesting, e.g. ferrites [27][28][29][30] and also others [31][32][33]. Issues concerning the mechanism of phenol alkylation have been presented in many publications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycothermal Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Nanosized Zn1−x Co x Al2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0) Spinels in Phenol Methylation

2011

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Zn 1-x Co x Al 2 O 4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0) spinels were synthesised under microwave-assisted solvothermal conditions using 1,4-butanediol as reaction medium. The results of XRD and HRTEM have indicated nanocrystallinity of prepared materials (average crystallite size in the range 6-16 nm), and N 2 adsorption-desorption measurements have revealed high feature of their surface area and mesoporous nature. Acid-base properties of prepared materials were determined using TPD-NH 3 method and cyclohexanol test. All studied spinels that underwent examination were active in phenol methylation but Co-substituted zinc aluminate (Zn 0.5 Co 0.5 Al 2 O 4 ) was found to be the most efficient in the selective formation of orthomethylated products. It could be ascribed to its dominant basic character and the presence of weak and strong acid centres, and the highest surface area as well.

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Phenol methylation over nanoparticulate CoFe2O4 inverse spinel catalysts: The effect of morphology on catalytic performance

Cited by 109 publications

References 35 publications

On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

Non-Crystalline Copper Oxide Highly Dispersed on Mesoporous Alumina: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in Glycerol Conversion to Acetol

Glycothermal Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Nanosized Zn1−x Co x Al2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0) Spinels in Phenol Methylation

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Phenol methylation over nanoparticulate CoFe2O4 inverse spinel catalysts: The effect of morphology on catalytic performance

Cited by 109 publications

References 35 publications

On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO4 Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO4 Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

Non-Crystalline Copper Oxide Highly Dispersed on Mesoporous Alumina: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in Glycerol Conversion to Acetol

Glycothermal Synthesis and Catalytic Properties of Nanosized Zn1−x Co x Al2O4 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.0) Spinels in Phenol Methylation

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On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation

On the Role of Morphology of CoFeO₄ Spinel in Methanol Anaerobic Oxidation