Phenomena in gases and plasmas with negative ions

Abstract

This review is devoted to the phenomena induced by negative ion processes in weakly ionized gases and plasmas. It briefly describes the electron attachment and detachment processes. The consideration focuses on the salient features of charged particle transport in electronegative gases. New types of instability and wave modes in plasmas with negative ions are discussed. Relevance of the negative-ion processes to modern technologies is indicated with emphasis on the ecological aspects and environmental applications.

Physical Mechanisms of Negative Corona Current Pulse With Secondary Oscillation

“…The ionization processes of an atom and a molecule by an electron impact (8) in the wide energy region are described sufficiently in the literature [7,26,27,42]. In our computations, the nitrogen molecule ionization coefficients have been taken from the monograph [7] (table 5.1, Townsend formula 5.25 α/p = A exp(−Bp/E), and the extrapolation of the experimental graphs figure 5.4-5.6).…”

“…In our computations, the nitrogen molecule ionization coefficients have been taken from the monograph [7] (table 5.1, Townsend formula 5.25 α/p = A exp(−Bp/E), and the extrapolation of the experimental graphs figure 5.4-5.6). For a comparison there was also used a universal formula for the velocity constant of various reactions [26], K = 10 −A−B/(E/n) cm 3 /s. The coefficients of the argon atom ionization have been calculated using the formulas α/p = C exp [−D(p/E) 0.5 ] and α/p = A 1 (E/p) exp(−B 1 p/E) [7].…”

“…Making use of the results of the investigations [7,[26][27][28][29][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]42,43,45,48,49], there were analysed such possible photo-processes in the corona discharge, as the nitrogen molecule and the argon atom excitation, their quenching, the electron detachment from O − 2 ion at the collision with the metastable particles Ar* and N 2 *, as well as the ionization by photons emitted spontaneously by the excited molecules. Despite the fact that the radiation spectrum of the gas-discharge plasma is extremely wide [34,35,48], almost all experimental and numerical investigations of the nitrogen and the oxygen excitation processes (11) were associated with the determination of the corresponding parameters of their basic metastable states [26,32,36,37].…”

“…Despite the fact that the radiation spectrum of the gas-discharge plasma is extremely wide [34,35,48], almost all experimental and numerical investigations of the nitrogen and the oxygen excitation processes (11) were associated with the determination of the corresponding parameters of their basic metastable states [26,32,36,37]. The kinetics of the low-energy…”

“…Π g nitrogen metastables has been studied quite in detail, with a dividing of the separate oscillatory levels, specifically: in the streamer in the air [48], in N 2 : O 2 = 4 : 1 [26], and pure nitrogen [35], and gas mixture with various oxygen concentrations [37] discharges. One can find a large enough dispersion in the measured values of the quenching of the nitrogen and the argon metastable levels velocity constants (12) [26,38,49].…”