Phenotypic divergence for morphological and yield-related traits among some genotypes of durum wheat under drought stress and non-stress conditions

Abstract

Drought stress is the most important factor restricting crop production in the majority of agricultural fields in the world. Durum wheat is generally grown in arid and semi-arid areas and drought often causes serious problems in its production. Fourteen durum wheat genotypes were evaluated under semi-arid Mediterranean climatic conditions in two non-stressed and water-stressed conditions. Data on fourteen agronomic traits are presented to assess the phenotypic diversity and to investigate the relationships between grain yield and other important yield components in durum wheat. The coefficient of variation (CV) for all the genotypes ranged from 0.71% to 17.62% in non-stressed environment and ranged from 1.38% to 23.70% in water-stressed environment. Clustering based on durum wheat genotypes separated the measured traits into three main groups under non-stressed environment. Peduncle length, agronomic score and plant height were the most related traits with grain yield. Such clustering in water-stressed environment indicated that growth vigor, thousand kernel weight, test weight or hectoliter and agronomic score were the most associated traits with grain yield. Cluster analysis assigned the durum wheat genotypes to at least two major groups in non-stressed conditions and three major groups in water-stressed conditions. Therefore, it seems that for improving grain yield performance in nonstressed conditions, genotypes G1, G3, G4, G6, G8 and G13 and in water-stressed conditions, genotypes G3, G8, G10 and G14 are good candidates. Finally, for improving grain yield performance in both humidity conditions, genotypes G3 and G8 can be used.

The Genetic Variability of Indonesian Local Foxtail Millet Accession Based on Agro-morphological Traits and Early Salinity Tolerance Evaluation Utilizing SiDREB2-based SNAP Marker

“…Lapuimakuni et al (2018) showed YI and HM as the best indices in determining the droughttolerance level of foxtail millet in field conditions. Utilization of tolerance indices is useful to evaluate genotypes' performances under non-stress and stress conditions (Afrooz et al 2021). Combining molecular markers related to stress tolerance traits and tolerance indices might increase the tolerance estimation.…”

Trait association and multivariate analysis in Ethiopian durum wheat (Triticum turgidium L. var. Durum) landraces

“…Possible segregations in morphological traits are essential for genetic improvement programs and genetic diversity of durum wheat genotypes could be evaluated using morphological variation (De Vita et al, 2010) [12] . Description of the morphological traits has been used for genetic diversity analyses and cultivar development (Gohar et al, 2015) [21] . Genetic variability among durum wheat genotypes can be estimated based on qualitative and quantitative traits.…”

“…Leilah and Khateeb, (2005) [28] reported that the first two principal components PC1 and PC2 accounts for the maximum variability in the data with respect to succeeding components. The character contributing the maximum to the divergence should be given greater emphasis for deciding the type of cluster for purpose of further selection and the choice of parents in hybridization (Jagadev et al, 1991) [22] . Differentiation of the accession into different clusters provides the cumulative effect of a number of characters rather than the contribution of specific few characters.…”