Phenylboronic acid as a glucose-responsive trigger to tune the insulin release of glycopolymer nanoparticles

Abstract

An amphiphilic glycopolymer, poly(D-gluconamidoethyl methacrylate -r-3-methacrylamido phenylboronic acid), which could self-assemble to form nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution, was synthesized. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the nanoparticles were spherical in shape with diameters of about 120 nm. The phenylboronic acid rendered the glycopolymer nanoparticles glucose sensitive, which was evident from swelling behavior of the nanoparticles at different glucose concentrations and was found to be dependent on the glucose level. Insulin was efficiently encapsulated within the nanoparticles (up to 15%), and the release of insulin increased with an increase in the level of glucose in the medium. Cell viability tests proved that the glycopolymer nanoparticles had good cytocompatibility, due to which the glycopolymers have the potential to be used in biomedical fields.

Glucose- and temperature-sensitive nanoparticles for insulin delivery

“…[33][34][35] A total of 10 mg of p(AAPBA-b-DEGMA) was dissolved in 2 mL of a mixed solvent system comprising DMSO and water (1:1 v/v), and 20 mL of water was added to the resultant solution under stirring (600 rpm). After 3 h, the suspension obtained was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min and dispersed into water (10 mL), followed by transfer to a dialysis tube (molecular weight cutoff [MWCO] 6000 Da) and dialysis against water for 72 h (at room temperature).…”

“…33 The pH sensitivity was assessed by placing the NPs (4 mg) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 0.1 M, 10 mL) at pH 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, or 8.5 and determining their size by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Measurements were undertaken at 37°C using a Zetasizer Nano S Instrument (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK).…”

“…These were generated by reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer polymerization. NPs of this polymer were prepared following the method reported by Chai et al 33 and fully characterized. The particles were loaded with insulin, the loading efficiency was quantified, and the insulin release profile was determined in vitro.…”

Synthesis of surfactant-free hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nanogels for controlled release of insulin

“…We efficiently encapsulated insulin by the HPMC hybrid nanogels with a higher drug loading (DL) of 21.3 % and a higher entrapment efficiency (EE) of 95.7 % than previous reports. (Chai, Ma, Wang & Ren, 2016;Zabihi, Yang, Leng & Zhao, 2015) Besides, the release behavior of such insulin nanogels can be controlled by changing pH and temperature.…”

Phenylboronic acid-functionalized polymer nanocarriers for glucose-triggered drug release

“…)均有所提高, 进一步证实该纳米粒子具有葡萄 糖响应多肽和蛋白质传递的应用潜力. Wang等[49] 采 用GAMA和甲基丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸(MAPBA)为单体 制备了直径为120 nm的P(GAMA-r-MAPBA)纳米粒子, 该纳米粒子具有较好的球形形貌和葡萄糖响应胰岛 素释放性能.…”