Phenylene‐Bridged Bispyridinium with High Capacity and Stability for Aqueous Flow Batteries

Hu, Shuzhi; Li, Tianyu; Huang, Mingbao; Huang, Junkai; Li, Wenjin; Wang, Liwen; Chen, Zhenqiang; Fu, Zhiyong; Li, Xianfeng; Liang, Zhenxing

doi:10.1002/adma.202005839

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Ni(OH) 2 and MH solid electroactive materials (boosters) are confined in the reservoirs of the positive and negative compartments, respectively. Among the various examples of promising organic electroactive species proposed in organic aqueous flow batteries, [14][15][16][17][18] our flow battery employs alkaline electrolyte solutions containing potassium ferrocyanide and a mixture of 2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone (DHAQ) and 7,8-dihydroxyphenazine-2-sulfonic acid (DHPS) as redox mediators in the positive and negative sides, respectively. Indeed, to illustrate that our approach combines the best of the two battery technologies, dissolved compounds previously reported as energy storage species in conventional redox flow batteries, i.e., K 4 [Fe(CN)] 6 , DHAQ, and DHPS, were selected as redox mediators, [19,20] while Ni(OH) 2 and MH (LaNi 5 -type) materials were directly extracted from commercial Ni-MH batteries (Panasonic HHR-110AA).…”

Section: The Concept Of Redox-mediated Nickel-metal Hydride Flow Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Redox‐Mediated Nickel–Metal Hydride Flow Battery

Páez

Zhang

Muñoz

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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market, and more are under development at lab scale to fulfill the growing requirements of applications. In general, battery technologies can be categorized into two main groups according to the location of the energy storing materials (active materials): redox flow batteries and static batteries. In the former, active materials are stored outside the electrochemical reactor, while in the latter, they are located inside the battery cell. Each group possesses intrinsic advantages and disadvantages. While redox flow batteries offer independent scalability of energy and power, and easy recyclability, static batteries usually have higher energy densities. As a result, static batteries are used in applications demanding higher energy densities, whereas redox flow batteries are more suitable for stationary energy storage.The development of a battery technology combining the best features of each category has been long desired. The use of solid electroactive materials stored in the external reservoirs of redox flow batteries is the most direct approach; however, challenging to be realized. The semisolid flow battery, in which dense but flowable slurries of solid materials are used, has demonstrated a drastic increase in energy density. [2,3] However, the practical application of this concept raised concerns as viscous slurries containing solid particles must be continuously flown through the system. This main concern is overcome by the confinement of the solid electroactive materials in the external reservoirs. In this case, the dissolved electroactive species act as Each battery technology possesses intrinsic advantages and disadvantages, e.g., nickel-metal hydride (MH) batteries offer relatively high specific energy and power as well as safety, making them the power of choice for hybrid electric vehicles, whereas aqueous organic flow batteries (AORFBs) offer sustainability, simple replacement of their active materials and independent scalability of energy and power, making them very attractive for stationary energy storage. Herein, a new battery technology that merges the above mentioned battery technologies through the use of redox-mediated reactions is proposed that intrinsically possesses the main features of each separate technology, e.g., high energy density of the solid active materials, easy recyclability, and independent scalability of energy and power. To achieve this, Ni(OH) 2 and MHs are confined in the positive and negative reservoirs of an AORFB that employs alkaline solutions of potassium ferrocyanide and a mixture of 2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone and 7,8-dihydroxyphenazine-2-sulfonic acid as catholyte and anolyte, respectively. An energy density of 128 Wh L -1 is achieved based on the capacity of the reservoirs leaving ample room for improvement up to the theoretical limit of 378 Wh L -1 . This new battery technology opens up new market opportunities never before envisaged, for redox flow batteries, e.g., domestic energy storage and heavy-duty vehicle transportation.

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Section: The Concept Of Redox-mediated Nickel-metal Hydride Flow Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Redox‐Mediated Nickel–Metal Hydride Flow Battery

Páez

Zhang

Muñoz

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…In general, RFBs are seen as a promising energy storage technology for grid‐scale applications but they have to demonstrate themselves as competitive technologies to reach the performance required at the level of practical application. For example, more recently some aqueous RFB systems with organic redox couples have been studied extensively owing to their low cost and good cycling performance [15–19] . To maximise competitiveness, the electrolyte and the electrode materials in RFB systems need to be low cost; selecting for an abundant material offers obvious advantages in realising economical energy storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

et al. 2022

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Bromine based redox flow batteries (RFBs) can provide sustainable energy storage due to the abundance of bromine. Such devices pair Br2/Br− at the positive electrode with complementary redox couples at the negative electrode. Due to the highly corrosive nature of bromine, electrode materials need to be corrosion resistant and durable. The positive electrode requires good electrochemical activity and reversibility for the Br2/Br− couple. Carbon materials enjoy the advantages of low cost, excellent electrical conductivity, chemical resistance, wide operational potential ranges, modifiable surface properties, and high surface area. Here carbon based materials for bromine electrodes are reviewed, with a focus on application in zinc‐bromine, hydrogen‐bromine, and polysulphide‐bromine RFB systems, aiming to provide an overview of carbon materials to be used for design and development of bromine electrodes with improved performance. Aspects deserving further R&D are highlighted.

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“…More recently, viologens and their derivatives as electron acceptor cations, which can undergo reversible redox reactions, have been explored for electrochemical energy storage. [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] In light of this, the approaches prompt us to construct ionic organic compounds consisting of both redox cations and anions which can undergo reversible multielectron redox reactions to improve their stability and theoretical capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biredox‐Ionic Anthraquinone‐Coupled Ethylviologen Composite Enables Reversible Multielectron Redox Chemistry for Li‐Organic Batteries

et al. 2021

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Organic compounds bearing redox-active ionic pairs as electrode materials for high-performance rechargeable batteries have gained growing attention owing to the properties of synthetic tunability, high theoretical capacity, and low solubility. Herein, an innovative biredox-ionic composite, i.e., ethylviologen dianthraquinone-2-sulfonate (EV-AQ 2 ), affording multiple and reversible active sites as a cathode material in lithium-organic batteries is reported. EV-AQ 2 exhibits a high initial capacity of 199.2 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C rate, which corresponds to the transfer of two electrons from one redox couple EV 2+ /EV 0 and four electrons from two redox-active AQ − anions. It is notable that EV-AQ 2 shows remarkably improved cyclability compared to the precursors. The capacity retention is 89% and the Coulombic efficiency approaches 100% over 120 cycles at 0.5 C rate. The results offer evidence that AQ − into the EV 2+ scaffold with multiple redox sites are promising in developing high-energy-density organic rechargeable batteries.

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Phenylene‐Bridged Bispyridinium with High Capacity and Stability for Aqueous Flow Batteries

Cited by 80 publications

References 37 publications

The Redox‐Mediated Nickel–Metal Hydride Flow Battery

The Redox‐Mediated Nickel–Metal Hydride Flow Battery

Carbon Materials as Positive Electrodes in Bromine‐Based Flow Batteries

Biredox‐Ionic Anthraquinone‐Coupled Ethylviologen Composite Enables Reversible Multielectron Redox Chemistry for Li‐Organic Batteries

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