Phloem fortification in rye bread elevates serum enterolactone level

Abstract

Objective: To analyse the lignan content of phloem powder enriched rye bread and to study the dose -response relationship of the effect of dietary plant lignans derived from phloem on intestinal production of enterolactone by measuring enterolactone concentration in serum. Design: A randomized double-blind supplementation trial. Subjects: Seventy-five non-smoking men recruited by newspaper advertisements. Intervention: Subjects were randomized to three study groups receiving either rye bread high in phloem (HP, 14% of rye flour substituted with phloem powder), rye bread low in phloem (LP, 7% of rye flour substituted with phloem powder) or placebo rye bread. Participants consumed 70 g of study bread daily for 4 weeks and provided serum samples for enterolactone analysis at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Results: There was a significant increase in serum enterolactone concentration in the LP and HP groups compared with the placebo group (P ¼ 0.009 and P ¼ 0.003, respectively). Considerable interindividual differences were observed in the response to dietary lignans within the study groups. Conclusions: Our results indicate that plant lignans attached to insoluble fibre layer in phloem can be further metabolized and converted to enterolactone presumably by the bacteria present in the colon. Phloem powder is useful source of lignans for functional foods aimed to elevate serum enterolactone levels. Sponsorship: Phloem powder and the study breads were provided by Finnpettu Oy and Linkosuo Oy, respectively. The clinical study work was sponsored in part by Oy Jurilab Ltd.

7-Hydroxymatairesinol improves body weight, fat and sugar metabolism in C57BJ/6 mice on a high-fat diet

“…diet rich in these foods may bring 7-HMR daily intake to as much as 30 mg/d, very close to nutraceutical doses. Moreover, the ENL levels (39 ng/ml) reached in plasma of our mice treated with 3 mg/kg of 7-HMR are quite close to the concentration of ENL that can be found in people consuming conventional northern European diets (14•8 and 12 ng/ml) (20,46) and lignan-fortified diets (21 ng/ml) (47) , but we can realistically hypothesise that it can be found at a higher concentration in people consuming lignan-richer diets with the food components cited above (i.e. Middle Eastern or Mediterranean diets) (48) .…”

No changes in serum enterolactone levels after eight weeks’ intake of ryebran products in healthy young men

“…This is in line with results from the study by Juntunen et al, who observed a decrease in serum ENL concentration from 28 to 12 nmol l (1 when subjects received wheat bread as a substitute for part of their habitual diet (15). Three previous intervention studies found increased serum or plasma ENL levels after the consumption of lignan-rich diets for a period of 3Á/4 weeks (18,19,28). In spite of high dietary fibre contents, the intervention diets led to an increase in serum ENL concentration after 3Á/4 weeks, in contradiction to results of the present study.…”

No changes in serum enterolactone levels after eight weeks' intake of rye bran products in healthy young men

“…Three previous intervention studies found increased serum or plasma ENL levels after the consumption of lignan-rich diets for a period of 3Á/4 weeks (18,19,28). In spite of high dietary fibre contents, the intervention diets led to an increase in serum ENL concentration after 3Á/4 weeks, in contradiction to results of the present study.…”