Phosphate solubilizing microorganism: a green measure to effectively control and regulate heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils

Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms: a sustainability strategy to improve urban ecosystems

“…These problems not only lead to steep increases in planting and maintenance costs but also increase the risk of imbalance in landscape ecosystems. PSMs have attracted widespread attention from the community precisely for their advantages in enhancing plant drought resistance, salt alkalinity resistance and insect resistance (Kalayu, 2019;Jin et al, 2022;Hu and Chen, 2023). In particular, PSMs can break down and remove pollutants and other harmful chemicals (e.g., pesticides, antibiotics, and toxic heavy metals), which also play a vital role in the health and stability of ecosystems (Figure 2).…”

“…Heavy metal residues in the soil not only affect plant growth but also pose a serious threat to the health of urban and rural habitats. Studies have shown that PSMs have a good fixation effect on heavy metal ions, such as Cr 6+ , Co 2+ , Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , and Pb 2+ in soil (Qian et al, 2019;Hu and Chen, 2023). PSMs can first dissolve insoluble phosphorus sources by releasing organic acids and enzymes and converting them to PO 4 3− which binds to heavy metals to form phosphate precipitates and can greatly reduce the amount of free heavy metal ions in the soil (Chen et al, 2023).…”

The combined application of salt-alkali tolerant phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and phosphogypsum is an excellent measure for the future improvement of saline-alkali soils

“…The most beneficial function of PSMs is to convert non-biologically available sources of P (both organic and inorganic) in soil into bio-available forms: 1. solubilization of inorganic P salts through cell-produced biological functions such as protonation, acidification, chelation, etc. 2. mineralization of organic P salts through enzyme activities (such as phosphatase, phosphonate hydrolase, phytases, and C-P lyase) (Ahemad, 2015;Hu and Chen, 2023). However, we must recognize that high salt concentration environments can lead to cell dehydration, shrinkage, and loss of activity (Rath and Rousk, 2015).…”