Phosphorus and Potassium Quantity/Intensity Properties of Selected South African Soils (Kwazulu-Natal) and Their Correlation With Selected Soil Parameters

Nongqwenga, Nqaba.

doi:10.15666/aeer/1503_001014

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Studies have shown that P is low in South African soils [6]. The challenges of low P are associated with its limited mobility in the soil, due to high adsorption, and hence its unavailability [7] and fixation [8], thus contributing to its deficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercropping and Fertiliser Application on Soil Phosphatase Activities, Available Soil Phosphorus, and Crop Growth Response

et al. 2020

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Low available soil phosphorus (P) is associated with its immobility, which renders it unavailable for plant uptake. In addition, farmers normally apply inorganic fertilisers to legumes to activate soil-bound phosphorus using root exudates. Sufficient soil mineral nutrition is key to sustainable crop production, and hence food and nutritional security. The aim of this study was to quantify the acid and alkaline phosphatase activity as an indicator of P supply and availability under varying levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) fertilization and different cropping systems. An intercropping (cowpea and amaranth) and fertiliser (control, 25%, 50%, and 100% of the recommended NPK levels) field trial was laid out in a 2 × 4 factorial treatment structure in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. There was higher acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the rhizosphere of cowpea and amaranth grown as sole crops compared to those from intercropping. The cowpea and amaranth plants grown without fertiliser or 25% NPK had the highest rhizospheric phosphatase activity, while 100% NPK application exhibited the least. The markedly higher phosphatase activity from the low fertiliser application treatments indicates the possible stimulation of microbial activity to supplement P demands for the crops. The study revealed that the application of lower rates inorganic fertilisers in a legume intercrop stimulates the activity of the phosphatase enzymes, which can subsequently liberate soil-bound phosphorus. Plant tissue phosphorus concentration of cowpea and amaranth plants increased proportionately to the increase in fertiliser application up to 50% of the recommended NPK level. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was greater than 1, indicating that it is more beneficial to intercrop cowpea and amaranth as opposed to growing them as sole crops. Overall, the application of NPK fertilizer to amounts of up to 50%, based on the results of this study, appear to be better than 100% in terms of biomass accumulation and phosphate activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercropping and Fertiliser Application on Soil Phosphatase Activities, Available Soil Phosphorus, and Crop Growth Response

et al. 2020

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“…Phosphorus (P) is one of the important essential nutrient elements for crop production (Nkaa et al 2014;Nongqwenga and Modi 2017) due to its significant role in numerous plant processes including photosynthesis, respiration, cell division and energy transformation (Karikari et al 2015). The work of Adeyemi et al (2020) and Namakka et al (2017) revealed that P plays an important role in the growth, seed development, nitrogen fixation of cowpea and overall yield of the crop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity of Phosphorus Fertilization in Cowpea-Maize Strip Intercropping under Rainfed Conditions

Asiwe¹

2021

IJAB

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Crop yields are declined due to low soil fertility, insufficient soil water availability and poorly managed cropping systems in Limpopo province of South Africa. Phosphorus (P) is a major essential nutrient element required by crops for enhanced growth and development. Interactions between different rates of P fertilization and strip intercropping system have not been studied in detail under rainfed conditions in semi-arid region of Limpopo province. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the performance of four cowpea varieties at four levels (0, 15, 30, 45 kg P ha-1) of P fertilization in a cowpea-maize intercropping system in a split-split plot design during two seasons. Significant interactions were obtained between variety and phosphorus application as well as variety and cropping system for 90% physiological maturity, root mass and grain yield in both seasons. P levels significantly influenced and enhanced grain yield, land equivalent ratio, profit and benefit cost ratio achieved. PAN311 and TVu13464 matured earlier across P levels and they were selected promising cowpea varieties based on their early maturity and high yield. Land equivalent ratio values were greater than 1.0, which indicated performance and advantage of an intercropping system over monocropping system in land utilisation. The optimum P level for cowpea-maize strip intercropping was at 30 kg P ha-1 based on yield and financial return. The results showed that P application enhanced the productivity of the cowpea varieties in cowpea-maize strip intercropping in the semi-arid environment of Limpopo province. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

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“…People are closely followingwatching the potential of acid protease (Liu et al 2004, Zhang et al 2009, Yu et al 2006, Wang et al 1993, Mi et al 2017, Ali and Iftikhar 2017, Shamsudin et al 2017. Acid protease is mainly obtained through microbial fermentation currently, which can be generated by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus, etc (Shen et al 1999, Nongqwenga andModi 2017). Aspergillus niger is the most commonly used fungus for producing acid protease due to it is less toxic and generates more metabolites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KITCHEN WASTE SOLID STATE FERMENTATION BY Aspergillus niger TO PRODUCE ACID PROTEASE

Zhang

Cheng

Zhu³

et al. 2019

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Acid protease production was carried out by solid state fermentation (SSF) with Aspergillus niger using kitchen waste as the principal raw material. The SSF conditions were studied and the optimal one was identified. This study explored effects of different water contents in SSF medium, different inoculum sizes and different fermentation time on acid protease activities by following the one-factor-at-a-time method. Based on the results obtained, the optimal fermentation conditions for the production of c acid protease, were are as follows: 30g of kitchen waste content, 20mL of initial water content, 4mL of inoculum, and 70h ofas fermentation time. Under these fermentation conditions, the activity of the acid protease was 223.518 U.

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Phosphorus and Potassium Quantity/Intensity Properties of Selected South African Soils (Kwazulu-Natal) and Their Correlation With Selected Soil Parameters

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercropping and Fertiliser Application on Soil Phosphatase Activities, Available Soil Phosphorus, and Crop Growth Response

Effects of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercropping and Fertiliser Application on Soil Phosphatase Activities, Available Soil Phosphorus, and Crop Growth Response

Productivity of Phosphorus Fertilization in Cowpea-Maize Strip Intercropping under Rainfed Conditions

KITCHEN WASTE SOLID STATE FERMENTATION BY Aspergillus niger TO PRODUCE ACID PROTEASE

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